Abstract
Objectives:With the advancement of national and intercontinental-scale ground deformation monitoring, interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) technology has transitioned from laboratory research to widespread practical applications. China's development in this field has seen significant milestones, including the launch of its first civil InSAR satellite system, Lutan-1, which marked a new era of domestic synthetic aperture radar (SAR) satellite applications. Moreover, commercial small SAR satellite systems, such as the Hongtu-1 constellation and Fucheng-1, have experienced rapid growth. Despite these advancements, a notable gap remains between the high-resolution interferometric SAR satellite data products and their operational applications in China compared to the mature systems of developed countries. Methods:The three Chinese SAR satellite systems, Lutan-1, Fucheng-1, and Hongtu-1, are utilized to monitor ground deformation in the Zhangshuanglou coal mine area in Peixian County, Xuzhou City,Jiangsu Province,China. The differential InSAR method is employed to assess the monitoring performance, focusing on key metrics such as interferometric coherence, phase closure error, and deformation results, using data from the European Space Agency's Sentinel-1 satellite as a reference. Additionally, a multi-geometry InSAR observation model is applied to derive both horizontal and vertical deformations of the mining area, providing valuable insights for the advancement of InSAR applications. Result:All three Chinese SAR satellite systems detected two funnelshaped subsidence areas in the study area. Although the subsidence area and regional deformation rate peaks vary from each satellite, the consistencies among the monitoring results are high. Conclusion:The three Chinese interferometric SAR satellites have good deformation measurement capabilities, and the integration of multisource satellite data is feasible and has great application prospects.
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