Enhancing Marine Gravity Field Precision Using SWOT Wideswath Altimetry Data: a Comparative Analysis with Traditional Altimetry Satellites

YU Daocheng; HWANG Jinway; ZHU Huizhong; LUO Jia; YUAN Jiajia

doi:10.13203/j.whugis20240120

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YU Daocheng, HWANG Jinway, ZHU Huizhong, LUO Jia, YUAN Jiajia. Enhancing Marine Gravity Field Precision Using SWOT Wideswath Altimetry Data: a Comparative Analysis with Traditional Altimetry Satellites[J]. Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University. DOI: 10.13203/j.whugis20240120

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Enhancing Marine Gravity Field Precision Using SWOT Wideswath Altimetry Data: a Comparative Analysis with Traditional Altimetry Satellites

1 School of Geomatics, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin 123000, China;
2 Department of Civil Engineering, Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Xinzhu 300093, China;
3 School of Geodesy and Geomatics, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China;
4 Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment and Geodesy, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430079, China;
5 Hubei Luojia Laboratory, Wuhan 430079, China;
6 School of Geomatics, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China

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Received Date: September 20, 2024

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Objectives: Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) mission, a wide-swath altimeter satellite, measures sea surface heights (SSHs) with unparalleled spatial resolution and precision, offering new opportunities to enhance the precision and resolution of the existing marine gravity fields. However, there is currently limited research on recovering marine gravity fields from SWOT, particularly with respect to quantitative assessments of the accuracy of SWOT-derived marine gravity field. This study investigates the potential of SWOT in determining deflection of the vertical (DOV) and deriving marine gravity anomalies based on simulated SWOT data. Methods: In the northern South China Sea around Dongsha Island, we generate the high-wavenumber SSH components using multi-beam depths based on the residual depth model principle, compensating for the losing high-frequency signals of the DTU21MSS model. Then we simulate wide-swath SWOT SSH observations with 1.4cm precision and 2 km×2 km spatial resolution. In order to explore the advantages of SWOT in recovering marine gravity field over the conventional nadir-looking altimeter satellites, we also simulate SSH data for Jason-2 and Cryosat-2. To make the most of SWOT’s wide-swath altimetry nature, we separate two-dimensional SSHs into along- and cross-track directions. We use least-squares collocation (LSC) and weighted least-squares adjustment (WLSA) to estimate the north and east components of DOV and derive marine gravity anomalies using inverse Vening-Meinesz formula. The “true values” of DOV components and gravity anomalies are computed within the simulation of SWOT data to evaluate the precision of the results. Results: The LSC method outperforms WLSA in estimating the DOV components. Averaging multi-cycle SWOT data efficiently suppresses observation errors. SWOT along-track data are beneficial for estimating the north components of DOV, while the cross-track data are useful for resolving the east components. In the study area, the precision of both the north and east components of DOV estimated from the merged Jason-2 and Cryosat-2 data is about 3 microrad, thereby deriving 1′×1′ gravity anomalies with 4.7-mgal precision. Using SWOT data, the precisions of the two DOV components and gravity anomalies improve to 0.7 microrad and 1 mgal, respectively. Conclusions: Compared to conventional altimeters, the SWOT wide-swath altimetry significantly improves the accuracy of marine DOV and gravity fields.
- SWOT satellite,
- wide-swath altimetry,
- deflection of the vertical,
- marine gravity anomaly

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Enhancing Marine Gravity Field Precision Using SWOT Wideswath Altimetry Data: a Comparative Analysis with Traditional Altimetry Satellites

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