Effects and Separation of Systematic Orientation and Scale Errors of Terrestrial Geodetic Network in Combined Adjustment

This paper first analyses the relationship between systematic orientation and scale errors and transformation parameters of the terrestrial and the satellite networks in the ligtht of the definitions of these systematic errors and their effects on coordinates,and then it derives the formulas for the effects of systematic errors on the transformation parameters.The problem of regionalism of the transformation parameters is also discussed.Finally,a combined adjustment model is given to separate regional orientation errors and scale errors.