Objectives In order to explore the impact of the decrease of human activities on the air quality in China during the period of the public health emergencies in 2019, the temporal and spatial abnormal changes of aerosol optical depth (AOD), precipitable water vapor (PWV) and temperature (T) are analyzed, and the impact of human activities on the air quality is revealed.
Methods First, the accuracy of AOD, PWV and T is verified by comparing with AOD provided by aerosol robotic network and PWV and T provided by radiosonde. Second, we analyze the long-term trends of AOD, PWV and T during the weekend and the week, and find that human activities have a certain impact on the air quality. Third, the temporal and spatial changes of AOD, PWV and T during the period of public health emergencies are studied, which confirmed that there is a good correlation between human activities and air quality. Finally, 184 cities of different grades in China are selected for further analysis to determine the impact of population density on AOD, PWV and T, and further reveal the specific response relationship between human activities and air quality.
Results Through the verification of the accuracy of the used data, it is found that the selected data have high accuracy, which can be used in this experimental study. By analyzing the PWV, AOD and T changes in public health emergencies, it is found that PWV, AOD and T are all affected.
Conclusions Due to the influence of public health emergencies, AOD, PWV and T show different trends. At the same time, it is found that the main reason for this phenomenon is the influence of the intensity of human activities.
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