Applications of UAVs in Antarctic Scientific Research: Progress and Prospect

LI Teng; ZHANG Baogang; CHENG Xiao; ZHANG Yuanyuan; HUI Fengming; ZHAO Tiancheng; QIN Weijia; LIANG Jianhong; YANG Yuande; LIU Xuying; LI Xinqing

doi:10.13203/j.whugis20200098

Volume 47 Issue 5

May 2022

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Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University > 2022 > 47(5): 651-664. > DOI: 10.13203/j.whugis20200098

LI Teng, ZHANG Baogang, CHENG Xiao, ZHANG Yuanyuan, HUI Fengming, ZHAO Tiancheng, QIN Weijia, LIANG Jianhong, YANG Yuande, LIU Xuying, LI Xinqing. Applications of UAVs in Antarctic Scientific Research: Progress and Prospect[J]. Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University, 2022, 47(5): 651-664. DOI: 10.13203/j.whugis20200098

Citation:

Applications of UAVs in Antarctic Scientific Research: Progress and Prospect

1.
School of Geospatial Engineering and Science, Sun Yat‐Sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China
2.
Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519080, China
3.
College of Global Change and Earth System Science, State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
4.
School of Environmental Science, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing 211171, China
5.
Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administration, People's Republic of China's State Oceanic Administration, Beijing 100860, China
6.
School of Mechanical Engineering & Automation, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
7.
Chinese Antarctic Center of Surveying and Mapping, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China

Funds:

The National Natural Science Foundation of China 41830536

The National Natural Science Foundation of China 41925027

The National Natural Science Foundation of China 41676182

the Chinese Polar Environment Comprehensive Investigation and Assessment Program

the China Scholarship Council United Kingdom‐China Joint Research and Innovation Partnership Fund 201806040298

More Information

Author Bio:
LI Teng, PhD, specializes in Antarctic ice sheet and climate change. E‐mail: liteng28@mail.sysu.edu.cn
Corresponding author:
CHENG Xiao, PhD, professor. E‐mail: chengxiao9@mail.sysu.edu.cn
Received Date: July 02, 2020
Available Online: July 26, 2023
Published Date: May 04, 2022

Graphical Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Objectives As an emerging airborne remote sensing system, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) falls into multiple categories with various payloads, such as the multi‐rotor and fixed‐wing ones. Despite the harsh climatic condition, UAV is widely used in many Antarctic fields of basic and applied science, which still lacks a comprehensive and systematic literature review.
Methods We firstly discuss the special impact of Antarctic environmental conditions (meteorology, electromagnetic field, light, etc.) on the UAV operation. A comprehensive literature retrieval is subsequently presented on the current application of UAV in Antarctic research and expedition. We sort out 104 papers according to the time of publication, main journals, study areas, nations, and institutions. Representative literature is reviewed in seven application ar‍eas, including aeromechanics, atmosphere, sea ice and iceberg, glacier, geomorphology and geomagnetism, ecology‐vegetation as well as ecology‐animals. We retrospect the development and achievement of UAV's applications in the Chinese national Antarctic research and summarize the limitations of the research on the application of UAV in Antarctica.
Results A number of environmental factors need to be considered before the UAV missions, such as the meteorological conditions, electromagnetic field, solar radiations, and flight regulations. According to the review, half of the literature belongs to the journal paper, mostly in Polar Biology, Polar Science, and Remote Sensing. The earliest UAV research in Antarctica was published in 2004, followed by a productive period of International Polar Year in 2008. The first‐tier countries including the USA, Australia, and Germany, led the progress in the research on UAVs in Antarctica. Meanwhile, the dominant role of top universities stood out via various collaborations. The UAV can also be classified into multiple categories according to the payload, such as the industrial‐ or consumer‐grade optical cameras, radiosonde, synthetic aperture radar, and light detecting and ranging(LiDAR), among which consumer‐grade camera is widely used in Antarctic investigations. China's Antarctic expedition team initiated the Antarctic UAV program in 2007 and had carried out at least 18 flight missions by 2020. The flights cov‍ered Zhongshan Station, The Great Wall Station, Inexpression Island, and the inland ice sheet, from which the collected data were employed to support the glaciological, geomorphic, and biological stud‍ies.
Conclusions The UAV remote sensing, as the essential technology in the"Air‐Space‐Ground" polar observation system, has been increasingly upgraded in the recent decade. The flight experiments cov‍ered the primary research topics and research fields in Antarctic science. In general, the application and development of Antarctic UAV in China lie in the second tier, falling behind the USA and Australia. In the end, accord‍ing to the current development of Antarctic UAV in China, this paper provides guidance for China's Antarctic expedition team in the future: (1) Develop new UAV models; (2) Make breakthroughs in the battery technology; (3) Couple multiple sensors; (4) Encourage trans‐disciplinary collaboration; (5) Promote for‍eign communication and sharing; (6) Participate in the international management.
- unmanned aerial vehicle,
- Antarctic expedition,
- climate change,
- photogrammetry,
- glaciology,
- ecology,
- geomorphology

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References (59)

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Applications of UAVs in Antarctic Scientific Research: Progress and Prospect

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