Feasibility for a Deep Space Monitoring and Controlling Station at the Antarctic Great-Wall Station

In deep space exploration, the effective operation of a monitoring and controlling station is an important guarantee for the entire exploration task. In this paper, the foundation of a deep space monitoring and control station in the Antarctic Great-Wall station is proposed, and its feasibility is analyzed in terms of required improvements to the communication structures, as well as the relevant geological conditions, electromagnetic environment, and climatic conditions. The results show that: ① The lunar south pole is a hot spot for lunar surface detection; the region is analyzed in terms of improvements in communication conditions. The influence on communication conditions from topography between the lunar rover at the lunar South Pole and the Great-Wall tracking station is less than that between the lunar rover at the lunar South Pole and the domestic tracking stations. Also, the observation period is complementary so that the impact of the Earth's rotation on observation stations away from the Moon can be reduced. ② The geological conditions, electromagnetic environment, and climatic conditions are suitable for the construction of monitoring and controlling station in the Antarctic Great-Wall station.③ The conditions of the Antarctic Great-Wall Station are ripe after thirty years of construction.