Uniformity and Particularity of Various Adjustment Methods

The present paper designs a functional model summerizing various adjustment me-thods——the model of condition adjustment with constraints.Then it derives in detail its formulas of adjustment computation and accuracy estimation,proving the statistical properties of its adjusted result.The formulas of this method are in fact applicable to all the methods of classical adjustment and generalized adjustment,therefore can be termed as the General Adjustment Formulas.In order to illustrate that from the General Adjustment Formulas it is convenient to derive the particular formulas of all the other methods,this paper takes the classical condition adjustment,classical parameter adjust-ment,and the filtering and prediction in the generalized adjustment as examples,and derives respectively the corresponding formulas of those methods from the General Adjustment Formulas. The adjustment textbooks and reference books,both at home and abroad,conven-tionally introduce various adjustment methods in isolation,thus having to derive the formulas of adjustment computation and accuracy estimation of these methods cumber-somely one by one.For this approach there are two obvious disadvantages: 1) its occupation of a very large space for derivation;and 2) its failure to reveal the inner relationships among various methods,and consequently,its difficulty in displaying the uniformity and particularity of those methods.These disadvantages can be desirably overcome if the new system introduced in this paper is adopted.