A Single-Station Empirical TEC Model Suitable for MSNA Area: Taking ohi3 Station as an Example

The diurnal variability of total electron content (TEC) in midlatitude summer nighttime anomaly (MSNA) region varies seasonally. Whether the characteristics of MSNA can be effectively described is one of the key indicators to test the accuracy of ionospheric empirical TEC model. A new ionospheric empirical TEC model named SSM-T2 (single station model type2) is proposed for MSNA anomalies. The effectiveness of the model is verified by an example of ohi3 located in the Antarctic Peninsula in the MSNA region. The SSM-T2 model consists of three parts: The diurnal variation component of TEC, the seasonal variation component and the solar activity component. The coefficients in the model are obtained by least square fitting. At the ohi3 station in the Antarctic Peninsula, test results of the model fitting show that the SSM-T2-ohi3 model fits well with the modeling data GPS-TEC, and describes the MSNA phenomenon well. By comparing and analyzing the models, it is found that SSM-T2-ohi3 is in good agreement with CODE GIMs (Center for Orbit Determination in Europe, Global Ionosphere Maps) and SSM-month models at extrapolated time points. It can effectively describe the characteristics of MSNA and has better prediction ability than IRI2016 model.