星载P波段SAR森林覆盖层穿透测绘——欧空局BIOMASS卫星综述

朱建军, 谢雁洲, 付海强, 汪长城

朱建军, 谢雁洲, 付海强, 汪长城. 星载P波段SAR森林覆盖层穿透测绘——欧空局BIOMASS卫星综述[J]. 武汉大学学报 ( 信息科学版). DOI: 10.13203/j.whugis20240220
引用本文: 朱建军, 谢雁洲, 付海强, 汪长城. 星载P波段SAR森林覆盖层穿透测绘——欧空局BIOMASS卫星综述[J]. 武汉大学学报 ( 信息科学版). DOI: 10.13203/j.whugis20240220
ZHU Jianjun, XIE Yanzhou, FU Haiqiang, WANG Changcheng. Penetration Mapping of Forest Cover Using Spaceborne P-band SAR: A Review of the European Space Agency’s BIOMASS Mission[J]. Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University. DOI: 10.13203/j.whugis20240220
Citation: ZHU Jianjun, XIE Yanzhou, FU Haiqiang, WANG Changcheng. Penetration Mapping of Forest Cover Using Spaceborne P-band SAR: A Review of the European Space Agency’s BIOMASS Mission[J]. Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University. DOI: 10.13203/j.whugis20240220

星载P波段SAR森林覆盖层穿透测绘——欧空局BIOMASS卫星综述

基金项目: 

国家自然科学基金(42227801)

湖南省自然科学基金(2023JJ20061)。

详细信息
    作者简介:

    朱建军,博士,教授,主要从事误差数据处理及其在InSAR中的应用。zjj@csu.edu.cn

    通讯作者:

    谢雁洲,博士生。yanzhou.xie@csu.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: P237

Penetration Mapping of Forest Cover Using Spaceborne P-band SAR: A Review of the European Space Agency’s BIOMASS Mission

  • 摘要: 森林系统是陆地生物圈最大的碳汇系统,在全球碳循环中发挥重要作用。作为欧空局“地球探索者”项目的第七个卫星计划,BIOMASS卫星将搭载全球首个全极化P波段合成孔径雷达(synthetic aperture radar,SAR)载荷执行以森林测绘为主的对地观测任务,为全球碳循环建模及地表覆盖层“穿透测绘”提供有力的数据支撑。首先介绍了BIOMASS卫星系统设计与数据概况,BIOMASS卫星的三大主要任务、次要任务及其实现原理和方法,随后对BIOMASS任务所面临的潜在挑战进行分析,最后结合中国国情与实际需求对BIOMASS在国内应用进行讨论,并对国产民用P波段SAR卫星的研究进行展望。
    Abstract: Forest systems are the largest carbon sink in the terrestrial biosphere and play an irreplaceable role in achieving the goal of carbon neutrality. Forest BIOMASS is a critical indicator for measuring the carbon sequestration capacity of forest ecosystems and plays a decisive role in terrestrial carbon sink estimation and carbon budgeting. However, the largescale BIOMASS maps generated by existing techniques, such as optical remote sensing, still exhibit significant uncertainties, particularly in tropical regions. As the 7th mission in the European Space Agency's "Earth Explorer" program, the BIOMASS will carry the world's first fully polarimetric P-band synthetic aperture radar (SAR) payload to perform primarily global forest mapping and earth observation missions. This will provide robust scientific support for global carbon cycle modeling and "penetrative mapping" of surface cover layers. This paper first introduces the system design and data acquisition overview of the BIOMASS mission, which includes the tomographic mode and the polarimetric SAR interferometry mode. The BIOMASS’s three primary missions are above-ground BIOMASS mapping, forest height mapping, and forest disturbances detection, while its secondary missions are sub-surface geology surveying, sub-canopy topography mapping and measurement of glacier and ice sheet velocities. The corresponding underlying principles and methodologies are elaborated on following each primary mission. Then, the paper analyzes the potential challenges faced by the BIOMASS mission. These challenges include limitations from the low-bandwidth design, the impact of the space objects tracking radar (SOTR), and difficulties in low-vegetation/low-BIOMASS mapping. Finally, this paper discusses the application of BIOMASS within the context of China's national conditions and actual needs. Future research on Chinese civilian P-band SAR satellites is also explored, focusing mainly on improving range resolution within the constraints of limited bandwidth, designing and optimizing lightweight high-efficiency antenna systems, and balancing high vertical resolution with high interferometric coherence (short baseline) in the tomographic mode.
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2024-06-12
  • 网络出版日期:  2024-07-29

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