Objectives   In order to study the wet temperature profile quality of COSMIC (constellation observing system for meteorology, ionosphere and climate) occultation inversion, statistical analysis of data error characteristics is needed.

  Methods   Firstly, the linear interpolation method is used to analyze the average deviation and standard deviation of each layer temperature of 0.2-30 km with time window 3 h and horizontal distance 300 km as matching criteria. The temperature average deviation characteristics treat as a function of altitude, season and latitude are studied. Then, through the use of 2016 annual IGRA (integrated global radiosonde archive) sounding data, the COSMIC wet temperature profile quality in the global region is analyzed, and the characteristics of the COSMIC wet temperature profile quality in the north temperate zone are sorted out. The COSMIC occultation wet temperature profile in different latitude zones is explored. The characteristics of quality are treat as a function of latitude.

  Results   The results show that the average temperature deviation in the global range is -0.16 K, the deviation is lower than 0.2 K, and the COSMIC occultation wet temperature profile quality is similar to the sounding accuracy.The seasonal variation statistic F=0.999 6 > 0.05, this factor has no significant effect on the COSMIC wet temperature profile quality. The statistic of the latitude band change F=0.024 4 < 0.05, which has a significant effect on the COSMIC wet temperature profile quality. In particular, the tropical region is greatly affected by water vapor, the average temperature deviation is at the peak, the deviation is higher than 0.25 K, and the southern temperate zone is second.

  Conclusions   This paper carries out experimental analysis and reveals the error characteristics of GNSS occultation technology detection data, including two different dimensions of time and space, which will promote research in the fields of air weather monitoring and climate change.