Deformation Characteristics of the Eastern Boundary Fault Zone of Sichuan-Yunnan Block Using the Deformation Formula of Seismic Fault with Dip Angle
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摘要: 在经典的走滑位移公式的基础上进行改进, 引入断层倾角信息, 使其反映了走滑断层倾角对地表形变的影响。由于断层倾角的存在使得震间位移曲线的中心是以断层面闭锁-滑动分界在地表的投影为中心, 并且此处形变变化最大; 公式中的倾角项表示拟合的断层倾角, 体现了断层出露地表处与断层闭锁-滑动分界的整体偏移, 其值往往小于近地表倾角测量值。以改进的公式作为断层剖面分析的拟合公式, 应用于汶川地震前后川滇块体东边界主要走滑断裂形变特征的剖面分析研究中, 得到的拟合结果与其他方法得到的结果具有较好的一致性。改进公式比原公式更客观地反映了断层的形变状态, 但由于针对单条断层的剖面拟合受多种因素的影响, 拟合结果需结合实际情况作进一步分析。Abstract: Fault dip angle is introduced to reflect the impact of surface displacement of strike-slip dip angle based on classic strike-slip displacement formula.Due to the dip angle of the fault, surface projection is the interface between locking and sliding motion on the fault, where deformation varies greatly.The dip term in the formula represents the fitting dip angle, which represents the overall offset of the surface and the locking-sliding boundary on the fault, and its value is often smaller than the near-surface measurement of dip angle.It was applied in the profile analysis of the main strike-slip fault deformation characteristics of the eastern boundary of the Sichuan-Yunnan block before and after the Wenchuan earthquake by using the improved formula as the fitting formula of the fault profile analysis.The fitting results obtained are consistent with those obtained by other methods.The improved formula reflects the deformation of the fault more objectively than the original one.Because the profile analysis for a single fault is affected by many factors, the fitting results have to be further analyzed in actual situations.
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图 1 一般倾角的走滑断层位错示意图
Figure 1. Displacement Diagram of Strike-Slip Fault with General Dip Angle
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图 3 利用原函数拟合倾角不为90°的形变曲线的数值模拟(倾角45°)
Figure 3. Numerical Simulation of Deformation Curve with a Dip Angle of 45° by Using Original Function
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图 5 利用1999-2007年速度场得到各段的剖面拟合结果
Figure 5. Velocity Field Fitting Results of Cross-Sectional Segments from 1999 to 2007
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图 6 利用2009-2013年速度场得到各段的剖面拟合结果
Figure 6. Velocity Field Fitting Results of Cross-Sectional Segments from 2009 to 2013
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图 7 巧家-东川段的拟合结果比较
Figure 7. Fitting Results of Qiaojia-Dongchuan Segment in Each Period
表 1 各主要走滑断裂的拟合参数
Table 1 Fitting Parameters of the Major Strike-Slip Faults
区域名称 时期 b1/(mm·a-1) b2/(mm·a-1) b3/km b4/km 角度/(°) 甘孜—道孚段 1999-2007年 -10.791 12.172 16.659 36.786 2 65.635 2009-2013年 -13.931 2.134 -5.423 2.151 21.635 康定—石棉段 1999-2007年 -10.201 13.614 -2.725 30.360 0 84.870 2009-2013年 -9.525 13.065 9.024 7 >36 77.142 石棉—西昌段 1999-2007年 -8.894 12.820 10.166 >36 80.465 2009-2013年 -8.718 13.306 24.841 >36 66.002 西昌—巧家段 1999-2007年 -9.707 10.285 41.462 19.138 24.777 2009-2013年 -8.277 12.507 67.584 5 32.509 25.688 巧家—东川段 1999-2007年 -10.310 12.717 -4.323 36.300 83.208 2009-2013年 -9.550 9.890 3.440 16.553 78.259 东川—宜良段 1999-2007年 -9.672 8.841 -0.844 13.440 86.406 2009-2013年 -9.044 10.325 -3.571 22.109 80.823 注:b2>0, 块体左旋运动; b2 < 0, 块体右旋运动; b3>0, 断层向川滇块体外部倾; b3 < 0, 断层向川滇块体内部倾 
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表 2 巧家-东川段的拟合参数
Table 2 Fitting Parameters of the Qiaojia-Dongchuan Segment
区域名称 时期 b3/km b4/km 角度/(°) 巧家—东川段 1999-2007年 -4.323 36.300 83.208 2009-2013年 3.440 16.553 78.259 2009-2013年
(去掉新增点)7.109 22.457 72.436
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