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摘要: 北斗二代系统伪距码中存在与高度角相关的系统性偏差，该偏差会影响高精度的数据处理。基于Melbourne-Wübbena（MW）组合，分别利用现有的伪距码偏差改正模型和实测基线的双差宽巷模糊度残差，分析了伪距码偏差对基线解算的影响。理论分析表明，随着基线长度的增加，伪距码偏差对MW组合确定双差宽巷模糊度的影响越来越大，对300 km基线的影响可达0.36周。实际算例表明，无论基线长短，地球同步轨道（geostationary earth orbit，GEO）卫星的双差宽巷模糊度残差中始终存在偏差；而对于倾斜地球同步轨道（inclined geostationary orbit，IGSO）和中轨（medium earth orbit，MEO）卫星而言，当基线小于300 km时，双差基本可以消除伪距码偏差，其双差宽巷模糊度固定率基本和GPS一致，但当基线超过300 km时，部分卫星的双差宽巷模糊度残差就会存在明显偏差，其双差宽巷模糊度固定率也较低，此时需考虑伪距码偏差的影响。Abstract: Pseudorange code biases will influence high precision data processing in BeiDou navigation satellite system (BDS). Based on Melbourne-Wübbena(MW) combination, we have analyzed the effect of code biases on baseline resolution according to the code biases correction models and the residuals of double differenced wide-lane ambiguity of baselines, respectively. The results show that the influence of code biases on double differenced wide-lane ambiguity resolution with MW combination is gradually obvious as the baseline becomes longer. Moreover, the impact on the 300 km baseline may reach up to 0.36 cycles. In addition, the results suggest that the code biases of geostationary earth orbit(GEO) have great influence over both short and long baselines. For inclined geostationary orbit (IGSO) and medium earth orbit (MEO), the code biases have little effect on baseline solution when the baseline is within 300 km, however, the residuals of wide-lane ambiguity of partial satellites have obvious biases when the baseline is over 300 km. Furthermore, the fixing rates of wide-lane ambiguity of these satellites are lower, so we should take into account the influence of code biases on baseline resolution at this time.
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图 2 模型1计算的站间单差后残留的最大码偏差
Figure 2. Maximum Code Biases of Single Differencing Between Stations Calculated by Model One
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图 3 模型2计算的站间单差后残留的最大码偏差
Figure 3. Maximum Code Biases of Single Differencing Between Stations Calculated by Model Two
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图 4 小于300 km基线的双差宽巷模糊度残差
Figure 4. Residuals of Double Differenced Wide-Lane Ambiguity with the Baseline Within 300 km
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图 5 大于300 km基线的双差宽巷模糊度残差
Figure 5. Residuals of Double Differenced Wide-Lane Ambiguity with the Baseline over 300 km
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图 6 理论最大影响与双差宽巷模糊度平均固定率比较
Figure 6. Comparison of Theoretical Maximum Influence and Average Fixing Rate of Double Differenced Wide-Lane Ambiguity
表 1 伪距码偏差对双差宽巷模糊度的最大影响
Table 1 Maximum Influence of Code Biases on the Double Differenced Wide-Lane Ambiguity Resolution
基线长度/km 模型1计算值/周 模型2计算值/周 100 0.06 0.12 200 0.12 0.24 300 0.17 0.36 500 0.29 0.60 
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表 2 双差宽巷模糊度固定率/%
Table 2 Fixing Rate of Double Differenced Wide-lane Ambiguity/%
基线名称 数据来源 基线长度/km G01- C01- C06- C11- G08 C02 C03 C04 C05 C07 C08 C09 C10 C12 C14 ZQGT-GMGT 广东CORS 45 97 69 61 63 28 84 89 89 90 92 98 HZHY-HYGT 广东CORS108 96 71 71 38 43 85 92 94 94 94 98 HZHY-FSGH 广东CORS 194 96 79 60 79 73 85 90 91 92 84 100 HYGT-FSGH 广东CORS 244 100 48 63 52 35 86 92 88 93 94 98 HYGT-GDLD 广东CORS 337 100 49 56 23 45 82 76 90 91 88 98 XNGT-FSGH 广东CORS 363 97 64 78 80 44 93 90 80 89 74 99 XNGT-LJGT 广东CORS 679 93 23 86 59 40 91 86 78 79 87 75 HKQT-JFNG 香港CORS+MGEX 911 100 63 87 66 20 63 49 95 74 46 64
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