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摘要: 干涉图小波阈值法滤波未考虑干涉相位统计特性, 导致在低相干区域得到的滤波效果不能令人满意。针对这一问题, 提出了一种剪切波变换与干涉相位标准差相结合的相位滤波算法。该算法将干涉相位统计特性与剪切波阈值滤波结合起来, 利用相位标准差改正滤波阈值以提高滤波效果。此外, 为了评价干涉图的滤波效果并为实测数据选择合适的滤波方法提供参考, 将模拟干涉图解缠结果的局部均方差分布作为滤波质量评价指标。将此算法与Goldstein滤波、小波滤波、最优方向融合滤波和剪切波软阈值滤波进行比较, 结果表明所提算法能更有效地削弱干涉图噪声, 同时保留干涉图的细节信息, 避免了低相干地区弱滤波问题。Abstract: In interferogram filtering, traditional threshold filtering algorithm based on wavelet transform does not consider the statistical properties of SAR's interference phase, and the filtering effect obtained in the low coherence regions is not satisfactory.This paper presents a kind of phase noise filtering algorithm combining the shearlet transform and standard deviation of phase.The algorithm uses the phase standard deviation to correct the filter threshold and improve the filtering effect.In addition, in order to evaluate the filtering effect and to select the appropriate filtering method for the measured data, a local mean square error distribution of the simulated interferogram is proposed as the filtering quality evaluation index.Compared with Goldstein filtering, wavelet filtering, optimal direction fusion filtering and shearlet soft threshold filtering, the results show that the proposed method can not only weaken the noise of interferogram, but also keep the details and avoid the weak filtering in low coherence regions.
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Keywords:
- interferogram /
- shearlet /
- InSAR /
- filter
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图 1 相位标准差与相干系数及视数的关系
Figure 1. Phase Standard Deviation Versus Coherence and Look Number
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图 2 不同方法的模拟干涉图滤波结果比较
Figure 2. Comparison of Filtering Results of Simulated Interferogram by Different Methods
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图 3 不同方法的模拟干涉图滤波结果评价直方图
Figure 3. Evaluation Histogram of Filtering Results of Simulated Interferogram by Different Methods
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图 4 意大利Etna火山地区不同方法的干涉图滤波结果
Figure 4. Filtering Results of Interferogram over Etna Volcano in Italy by Different Methods
表 1 不同方法的模拟干涉图滤波结果定量比较
Table 1 Quantative Comparison of Filtering Results of Simulated Interferogram by Different Methods
滤波方法 正残差点数 负残差点数 RMS SPD PSD 无噪相位图 0 0 - 1.137 1×105 1.217 5×105 含噪相位图 16 070 16 074 3.347 3 4.919 6×105 6.731 3×105 Goldstein一次滤波 2 867 2 870 1.371 5 2.588 6×105 3.389 5×105 Goldstein二次滤波 90 90 1.283 8 0.729 6×105 0.780 0×105 最优化方向融合滤波 341 343 1.146 8 1.279 3×105 1.454 6×105 小波滤波 358 356 1.219 6 1.305 6×105 1.366 2×105 Shearlet滤波 12 901 12 908 1.734 4 4.380 7×105 5.930 2×105 本文算法 54 59 1.070 8 0.864 6×105 0.866 9×105 
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表 2 不同方法的实测干涉图滤波结果定量比较
Table 2 Quantative Comparison of Filtering Results of Measured Interferogram by Different Methods
滤波方法 正残差点数 负残差点数 残差减少率/% SPD PSD 原干涉图 8 376 8 365 - 2.377 0×105 3.267 8×105 Goldstein一次滤波 4 640 4 638 44.58 1.655 5×105 2.181 5×105 Goldstein二次滤波 1 689 1 686 79.84 1.044 7×105 1.234 2×105 最优化方向融合滤波 341 342 95.92 8.839 6×104 9.592 7×104 小波滤波 505 505 93.96 9.563 5×104 1.016 1×105 Shearlet滤波 7 284 7 273 13.05 2.165 3×105 2.932 5×105 本文算法 143 147 98.27 7.674 1×104 7.859 8×104
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