Abstract: The determination theory of coordinate system for real batch-bulk industrial components and surveying method are presented in detail.The general principles for selecting coordinates system of industrial component are proposed.The suggestions to select the instruments are given and the structures of some tools for inspecting and setting out are also presented.The theory and methods given are suitable under on-line conditions with computer and have been used for components of Yangtse River Bridge in Wuhu.The accuracy for lofting screw holes is ±0.35mm.