Abstract: On the basis of raster data structure of GIS, directed by oil and gas reservoir formation theory, and using the GIS modeling method of surface water flow direction analysis for reference, this paper designs a special GIS-based algorithm to simulate oil and gas migration pathways, and proposes a GIS-based oil and gas migration pathway modeling flow. As a case of application, the deep-buried oil and gas migration pathways has been simulated successfully in some basin of northern China.