Abstract: This paper based on the analysis of the river net structure, introduced a kind of struc-turalized river net which uses the river as the basic element. In this paper,the author dis-cussed the automatically establishing method of the structuralized river net,and the two kinds of structural indexes, that is,the tree structural index and the layer structural index. Accord-ing to the above indexed structuraliged river net,the method of how to synthesize the rivers automatically is been discussed primarily.