提取地形特征线的形态学新方法
A New Method of Extracting Terrain Feature Lines by Morphology
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摘要: 以图像处理技术为手段,从格网数字高程图中自动提取地形特征线方法的效率较高,但对噪声极为敏感,且结果中存在较多的冗余信息和特征线断裂的现象。针对这些问题,提出了一种以灰度形态学算子提取山脊、山谷线的新方法。该方法着眼于山脊、山谷特征,构造了两种灰度形态学算子,对DEM数据进行迭代处理,再辅以筛选、细化,最终融合抽取其中的特征线。仿真实验表明,该方法既能克服小尺度噪声的影响,又能有效地保持特征线,所提取的信息与实际地形十分接近。Abstract: There are some fast and effective methods related to image processing technique.But they are unsatisfactory in resisting the noise and in reducing the redundant information.For this situation,a new method of extracting terrain feature lines is proposed by the mathematical morphology.Considering the characteristics of the ridges and valleys,two kinds of operators are designed by basic morphological operation.Then the new method is built on the operators with iterative forms.The experimental results show that the ridge-lines and valley-lines extracted by the method fit the real terrain.And it can resist some small-scale noise.
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