Abstract: Taking remote sensing images,fundamental geographic information data and statistical data as data sources,15 indicators were selected to construct a composite vulnerability index for assessing vulnerability to soil erosion of Poyang Lake ecological economic zone.A profile of the spatial distribution of vulnerability to soil erosion in this region shows that there is a spatial differentiation of vulnerability and the ranks of vulnerability of assessing units cluster in the middle and the high.The middle vulnerable units are located in the southeast and high vulnerable units are in the northeast lakeside of Poyang Lake.There is an obviously differentiation in spatial distribution between the soil erosion vulnerability and soil erosion status.We additionally analyzed the formation of soil erosion vulnerability from driving forces,sensitivity and response capability jointly by which vulnerability is determined.