Abstract: By analyzing and researching several digital chaotic image encryption algorithms,a kind of chaos-based symmetric image encryption algorithm is designed.The chaotic sequence of Logistic map and Chebyshev map is used as the initialization sequence,and the S-box and memory of the advanced encryption standard(AES) algorithm are used as nonlinear transform.The result of analysis and experiment proved that this algorithm eliminates the relativity of the initialization sequence and the original signal;and the out sequence is of balance,great cycle,high linearity complexity and perfect relativity,which are the basic characters of cipher.By using the memory and compress approach,the analysis method is not in effect which is usually used in analyzing these two chaotic maps;and the algorithm can encrypt in a higher speed.