一种超高灵敏度GPS信号的跟踪方法
A Novel Algorithm for Ultra High-Sensitivity GPS Tracking
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摘要: 分析了Costas环路不适于弱信号跟踪的原因,提出了一种基于FFT的跟踪方案,分析了FFT的点数与多普勒变化率之间的关系,当接收机静止时,平均多普勒变化率为0.54Hz/s,128点FFT可提供最大的信噪比增益。为防止载波更新环路的错误调整,提出了一种基于NP准则的门限,只有当FFT的计算结果超越门限时,载波NCO才作相应的调整。实验结果表明,当接收机静止时,采用128点FFT,本文的跟踪方案可以跟踪至-163dBm的GPS信号。如果对多普勒变化率进行相应的补偿,则本文方案的跟踪灵敏度还可进一步提高。Abstract: Why the traditional carrier loop is unsuitable for weak GPS signal tracking is discussed and a novel tracking scheme based on fast fourier fransform (FFT) technique is proposed. The relations between the point numbers of FFT and the rate-of-change of Doppler frequency are analyzed. The average rate-of-change of Doppler frequency is 0.54 Hz/s for static receiver and 128-point FFT can offer the maximum signal-to-noise rate (SNR) gain under this condition. A threshold based on Neyman-Pearson (NP) rules is presented in order to avoid the errors of the carrier loop in this paper. The local carrier frequency should be adjusted only if the peak value of FFT is more than the threshold. Experimental results of the static GPS receiver show that our proposed method can track GPS signals using 128-point FFT when the power level is 163 dBm. Moreover,the sensitivity of the proposed scheme can be further improved if the rate-of-change of Doppler is compensated.