摘要:
随着国家乃至洲际尺度的地表形变监测在全球范围内的陆续开展，合成孔径雷达干涉测量（interferometric synthetic aperture radar,InSAR）技术已从实验室研究迈向更为广阔的应用实践。中国首组民用干涉合成孔径雷达（synthetic aperture radar，SAR）卫星陆探一号开启了国产SAR数据干涉应用元年，宏图一号星座、涪城一号等商业SAR小卫星系统也呈现蓬勃发展态势。然而，与国际成熟的SAR卫星应用系统相比，中国在数据产品及业务化应用方面仍存在一定差距。为验证国产SAR卫星地表形变测量效果，利用陆探一号、涪城一号、宏图一号数据对中国江苏省徐州市沛县张双楼煤矿矿区开展形变监测。以欧洲空间局Sentinel-1卫星数据为参考，从干涉相干性、相位闭合误差以及形变速率一致性等方面对结果进行比较分析。结果表明，3组国产SAR卫星均监测到矿区内的两个漏斗状沉降区，虽然各组结果中形变区面积和形变速率极值存在差异，但整体形变速率监测结果之间具有较高的一致性；利用多几何InSAR观测获取了矿区水平和垂直方向的地表形变信息。3组国产SAR卫星均具备优秀的形变测量能力，多源卫星数据融合应用前景广阔。
Abstract:
Objectives:With the advancement of national and intercontinental-scale ground deformation monitoring, interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) technology has transitioned from laboratory research to widespread practical applications. China's development in this field has seen significant milestones, including the launch of its first civil InSAR satellite system, Lutan-1, which marked a new era of domestic synthetic aperture radar (SAR) satellite applications. Moreover, commercial small SAR satellite systems, such as the Hongtu-1 constellation and Fucheng-1, have experienced rapid growth. Despite these advancements, a notable gap remains between the high-resolution interferometric SAR satellite data products and their operational applications in China compared to the mature systems of developed countries. Methods:The three Chinese SAR satellite systems, Lutan-1, Fucheng-1, and Hongtu-1, are utilized to monitor ground deformation in the Zhangshuanglou coal mine area in Peixian County, Xuzhou City,Jiangsu Province,China. The differential InSAR method is employed to assess the monitoring performance, focusing on key metrics such as interferometric coherence, phase closure error, and deformation results, using data from the European Space Agency's Sentinel-1 satellite as a reference. Additionally, a multi-geometry InSAR observation model is applied to derive both horizontal and vertical deformations of the mining area, providing valuable insights for the advancement of InSAR applications. Result:All three Chinese SAR satellite systems detected two funnelshaped subsidence areas in the study area. Although the subsidence area and regional deformation rate peaks vary from each satellite, the consistencies among the monitoring results are high. Conclusion:The three Chinese interferometric SAR satellites have good deformation measurement capabilities, and the integration of multisource satellite data is feasible and has great application prospects.
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