摘要:
合成孔径雷达干涉测量（interferometric synthetic aperture radar，InSAR）技术可以提供周期性的地表形变监测，被广泛应用于城市地表沉降和基础设施形变监测，为城市安全与可持续发展提供了重要保障。创新性地探讨了InSAR技术测量的形变信号与建筑稳定性之间的映射关系，提出了两项指标：基于建筑物形变强度特征构建的均方根速率指标和根据建筑物形变分布建立的速率分布指数指标，发展了基于InSAR形变数据驱动的建筑稳定性评估框架，通过整合形变信号与建筑物结构特性，实现对城市建筑稳定性的大规模、系统化评估。以中国云南省昆明市为研究区，收集了106景高分辨率TerraSAR-X影像验证方法的有效性。实验结果表明，昆明市区86.96%的建筑物处于安全状态，8.37%的建筑物需重点关注，4.2%的建筑物存在潜在风险，仅有0.47%的建筑物显示出较高的风险。研究还揭示了建筑稳定性受到工程建设活动和建筑物自身结构特征（如高度、设计等）的显著影响，尤其在工程建设频繁区域，高层建筑的稳定性普遍较差。此结果为高风险建筑的识别提供了科学依据，为未来城市基础设施的智能监测与风险评估奠定了坚实的基础。
Abstract:
Objectives:Interferometric synthetic aperture radar(InSAR) technology, as an efficient tool for urban deformation monitoring, has been widely applied to surface subsidence and infrastructure deformation monitoring, providing support for urban safety and sustainable development. Methods:This study innovatively explores the relationship between displacement signals measured by PS-InSAR and building stability, proposing two key indicators:The root mean square rate indicator based on building deformation intensity characteristics, and the rate distribution index constructed from the spatial distribution of building deformations. A PS-InSAR data-driven framework for building stability assessment is developed, which integrates deformation signals with building structural characteristics to enable large-scale, systematic evaluations of urban building stability.This study collects 106 high-resolution TerraSAR-X images over Kunming City, Yunnan Province, China, to assess the effectiveness of the proposed framework for large-scale urban building stability evaluation. Results:The experimental results indicate that 86.96% of the buildings in Kunming's urban area are classified as stable, while 8.37% exhibit minor deformations that warrant closer monitoring, and 4.2% are categorized as potentially unstable, necessitating more detailed investigation. Only 0.47% of the buildings were found to be at high risk. Conclusions:The analysis further highlights that building stability is profoundly influenced by factors such as ongoing construction activities and the structural characteristics of the buildings (e.g., height). Specifically, highrise buildings in regions with frequent construction tend to display poorer stability, which suggests a need for targeted monitoring in such areas. These findings provide a robust scientific basis for identifying buildings at risk and offer valuable insights for urban planning, risk management, and engineering decision-making processes, thereby contributing to the development of proactive infrastructure management strategies.
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