摘要:
全球导航卫星系统(Global Navigation Satellite System,GNSS)是当今世界各大国竞相角逐的威慑力量和大国标志。面对日益严峻的GNSS安全应用威胁,卫星导航对抗逐渐得到各国重视。目前,国际上卫星导航对抗研究主要侧重于GNSS干扰与抗干扰相关理论、技术与装备研究,对于GNSS干扰与抗干扰的性能与效能评估研究相对薄弱,存在评估指标零散、权重可信度不高、已有效能评估方法不适用、性能评估无法有效支撑效能评估等难题,需要我们集中智慧,创新思维,寻找破解这些难题的办法。因此,首先明确了卫星导航对抗的内涵,并结合现有评估分类,将卫星导航对抗评估定义为卫星导航对抗性能与效能评估两类;随后,分析评述了国内外在两类研究领域的发展思路、创新成果、测试应用以及一些值得关注的发展动向,总结归纳了研究历程不同阶段的技术特征和成功经验,对照分析了卫星导航对抗评估研究的发展局限,并依据我国国情提出了4个方面的对策和建议,涉及研究思路、研发重点和事项安排等方向性议题,旨在抛砖引玉、深入交流,为决策部门部署下一步工作提供参考。
Abstract:
Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) serve as a deterrent force and symbolize power among major countries worldwide. Faced with escalating threats to satellite navigation security, nations are placing greater emphasis on satellite navigation countermeasures. Objectives: Currently, existing researches on satellite navigation countermeasures primarily focused on theories, technologies, and equipment related to GNSS jamming and anti-jamming. However, there was relatively limited research on performance evaluation and efficacy assessment of GNSS jamming and anti-jamming. Challenges include fragmented evaluation indicators, narrow evaluation perspectives, questionable credibility of indicator weights assigned, ineffective existing evaluation methods, and inability to effectively support efficacy assessment. It necessitates collective wisdom pooling along with innovative thinking to find solutions for these challenges. Methods: Therefore, we initially clarify the connotation of satellite navigation countermeasures and integrates existing evaluation classifications to define satellite navigation confrontational evaluation into two categories: performance evaluation and efficacyevaluation of satellite navigation countermeasures. Subsequently, it analyzes and reviews the development strategies and approaches, innovative achievements, testing applications, and notable trends in both domestic and international research fields within these two categories. Results: It summarizes the technical characteristics and successful experiences at different stages of research progress, compares and analyzes limitations in the development of satellite navigation confrontational evaluation, and further proposes four measures and suggestions based on China’s national conditions. Conclusions: These encompass directional topics such as research ideas, R&D priorities, task arrangements with the aim to stimulate discussion, provide reference for decision-making departments in future work deployment.
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