A Review of Progress of Key Technologies for Urban Lifeline Safety Engineering
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摘要:
城市生命线安全工程是保障城市燃气、供水、供电等系统安全运行的国家重大民生工程。当前城市生命线安全工程面临三类难题：机理揭示和实验复现难,风险探测和早期识别难、精准预警和协同防控难。为突破机理揭示和实验复现难题,研发了全球首套全尺寸城市生命线多灾种大型科学装置,建立了生命线系15类、169种灾害耦合致灾模型,提出了地下管线与地上承灾体耦合的综合风险动态评估方法；为攻关风险探测和早期识别难题,发明了有源光栅与波长偏置的高灵敏燃气传感激光芯片和探测器,研发了基于惯导、力平衡、声学频谱及北斗的供水管网泄漏定位智能球,突破了桥梁整体模态（指纹）监测技术；为解决精准预警和协同防控难题,攻克了城市生命线安全风险物理启发式人工智能预警技术,研发了具备协同感知、融合监测、靶向预警、联动响应等功能的监测预警系统。系列相关成果带动了安全应急产业发展,为城市生命线风险防控作出了开创性和实质性贡献。
Abstract:The urban lifeline safety project is a major national livelihood project, which ensures the safe operation of urban gas, water, electricity and other systems. Nowadays, the project is confronted with three types of difficulties: Difficulties in mechanism discovery and experimental reproduction; difficulties in risk detection and early identification, and difficulties in accurate early warning and collaborative prevention and control. In order to reveal the mechanism and reproduce the experiments, a full-size urban lifeline multi-hazard large-scale scientific device is firstly developed in the world, a series of dis-aster modes with 5 categories and 169 kinds of disasters coupled are established, based on which a comprehensive risk dynamic assessment method coupled with underground pipelines and above-ground disaster-bearing body is presented. To improve the risk detection and early identification, highly sensitive gas sensing laser chip as well as detector with active grating and wavelength-biased are invented. We develop an intelligent ball for leakage located in water supply pipe network based on the inertial guidance, force balance, acoustic spectrum and BeiDou. Bridge overall modal (fingerprint) monitoring technology is break-through. In order to solve the problem of accurate early warning and collaborative prevention and control, an urban lifeline safety risk physical heuristic artificial intelligence early warning technology is presented, based on which a monitoring and early warning system is developed with collaborative sensing, fusion monitoring, targeting early warning, linkage response and other functions. The related studies result in the development of the safety and emergency response industry, followed by the pioneering and substantial contributions to the prevention and control of urban lifeline risks.
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http://ch.whu.edu.cn/cn/article/doi/10.13203/j.whugis20240264
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图 1 城市生命线智能感知与监测技术架构图
Figure 1. Schematic of Urban Lifeline Intelligent Sensing and Monitoring Technology
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图 2 国外多灾灾害模拟实验平台
Figure 2. International Multi-hazard Disaster SimulationExperiment Facility
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图 3 全尺寸城市生命线多灾种大型科学装置
Figure 3. Full-Size Urban Lifeline Multi-hazard Large-Scale Scientific Device
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图 8 供水管道漏失信号听觉显著图
Figure 8. Auditory Saliency Map of Water Supply Pipeline Leakage Signal
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图 12 桥梁监测传感器优化布设方法
Figure 12. Optimized Deployment Method for Bridge Monitoring Sensors
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图 14 燃气与沼气快速甄别模型及效果
Figure 14. Rapid Screening Modelling and Effectiveness of Gas and Biogas
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图 15 启发式人工智能预警技术
Figure 15. Heuristic Artificial Intelligence Early Warning Techniques
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