基于稳健估计的GNSS-IR多测站融合水位监测方法

Multi-station Fusion GNSS-IR Water Level Monitoring Based on Robust Estimation Method

  • 摘要: 全球导航卫星系统干涉反射测量(Global Navigation Satellite System-Interferometric Reflectometry,GNSS-IR)技术是一种有效的“遥感水位计”,能够检索海洋、河流、湖泊、水库等在全球参考基准下的水位信息。然而,当测站观测环境复杂、接收卫星信号能力受限时,GNSS-IR技术可能面临水面反射信号信噪比序列的数量和长度不足的问题,从而导致单一测站水位监测的反演精度降低。为此,本文提出一种基于稳健估计的GNSS-IR多测站融合水位监测方法,将面向同一水体的所有测站卫星弧段反演点进行联合优化定权,削弱各测站反演离群粗值的影响,提高水位监测模型的鲁棒性和稳定性。为验证融合方法的效果,本文利用山西西龙池抽水蓄能电站上水库3个接收不同区域水面反射信号的监测站数据开展了实验。实验结果表明,面对抽蓄电站日变化达18.7 m的水位骤升骤降过程,融合水位反演结果与水位计实测数据相关系数高达0.983,而且多测站融合水位结果精度显著优于单测站水位监测,融合反演结果的相对精度为0.06,较单个测站监测结果提高了30%-70%。

     

    Abstract: Objectives: The Global Navigation Satellite System-Interferometric Reflectometry (GNSS-IR) technique is an effective "remote sensing water level gauge", capable of retrieving water level information for oceans, rivers, lakes,and reservoirs against the global reference frame. However, when the observation environment of the station is complicated and the capacity of receiving satellite signals is limited, the number and length of the signal-to-noise ratio sequences of the water surface reflections are insufficient, which reduces the inversion accuracy of GNSS-IR water level monitoring at a single station. Methods: Therefore, the paper proposes a GNSS-IR multi-station fusion water level monitoring method based on robust estimation. It reduces the influence of outlier rough values of all stations by optimizing the inversion points of satellite arcs of all stations. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, we carried out experiments using data from three monitoring stations receiving reflective signals from different water surface in the upper reservoir of the Xilongchi pumped storage power station. Results: The results show that the correlation coefficient between the fused water level inversion results and water level gauge measurements is as high as 0.983 for the sudden rise and fall process of the pumped storage power station, which has a daily water level change of 18.7 m. Moreover, the accuracy of the fusion water level results from multiple stations is significantly better than that of single-station water level monitoring. The relative accuracy of the fusion inversion results is 0.06, which is 30% - 70% higher than that of the single station monitoring results. Conclusions: It indicates that the method significantly enhances the performance of GNSS-IR water level monitoring in scenarios with insufficient single-station data, and improves the robustness and stability of the water level monitoring model.

     

/

返回文章
返回