面向茂密植被山区地质灾害调查的LiDAR点云密度优化研究

Airborne LiDAR for Geological Hazard Investigation in Mountainous Areas with Dense Vegetation on Point Cloud Density Optimization

  • 摘要: 无人机机载激光雷达技术因受环境影响较小、调查视场角独特、能“穿透”植被等优点在茂密植被山区的地质灾害调查中被广泛认为是一种新型有效的调查手段。然而,现有规范中几乎没有针对地质灾害的点云密度采集标准,仅达到测绘要求的点云密度难以满足展示陡坎、冲沟等微地貌特征的高精度数字高程模型制作。为此,结合广西地质灾害规模较小且植被覆盖茂密的特点,研究了4种较大比例尺下不同点云密度构成的DEM质量变化,提出研究区局部地形复杂度作为定量化评价指标,推导出最佳地面点密度值,再利用研究区不同植被郁闭度下的激光穿透率计算采集点云密度推荐值。结果表明,局部地形复杂度能够有效评价DEM的微地貌保留完整度,实验获得最优采集点云密度值结合大量实践经验,建立了适用于广西茂密植被山区机载LiDAR地质灾害调查的采集点密度参考标准。

     

    Abstract: Objectives: The drone airborne laser radar technology is widely regarded as a new and effective means of geological disaster investigation in mountainous areas with dense vegetation because it is less affected by the environments, has a unique survey field of view and can “penetrate” vegetation. However, in the existing specifications, there is almost no point cloud density collection standard for geological disasters, and the point cloud density that only meets the mapping requirements is difficult to meet the high -precision digital elevation model production of micro-geomorphic features such as steep ridges and gullies. Methods: To this end, in combination with the characteristics of small scale geological hazards and dense vegetation coverage in Guangxi, this paper studies the DEM quality changes composed of different points cloud density under four large scales, proposes the local terrain complexity of the study area as a quantitative evaluation index, and deduces the optimal ground point density value, Then calculate the recommended value of cloud density by using the laser penetration of different vegetation canopy in the study area. Results and conclusions: The results show that the local terrain complexity can effectively evaluate the micro-geomorphic retention integrity of DEM. Combined with a lot of practical experience, the optimal cloud density value of collection point is obtained by experiment, which established the reference standard of collection point density for airborne LiDAR geological disaster investigation in mountainous areas with dense vegetation in Guangxi.

     

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