Abstract: High precision gravity observation is an important tool of seismological research and has played an important role in earthquake prediction in China in recent years. This paper first briefly introduces the development status and classification of gravity observation instruments, then compares the seismic gravity observations and researches for seismic events between China and Japan from the aspects of the scale of the seismic gravity observation network, the gravity data processing process and the interpretation of gravity observation results, and finally systematically analyzes the challenges faced by the gravity observation research in China. The aim of this paper is to provide some reference and enlightenment for the follow-up work.