2021年海地Mw7.2地震震源机制与同震滑动分布研究

Investigation of focal mechanism and coseismic slip distribution for 2021 Haiti Mw7.2 earthquake

  • 摘要: 2021年8月14日,海地地区发生了Mw7.2级地震。为研究海地地震同震形变及其震源机制,根据Sentinel-1A卫星提供的升、降轨数据,利用合成孔径雷达差分干涉(DInSAR)技术获取了海地地震的同震形变场。采用均匀采样方法对观测数据进行降采样,根据均匀弹性半空间位错模型,反演了地震断层的精确几何参数和发震断层的最优滑动分布模型,结果表明本次地震是一次逆冲兼左旋走滑型地震事件,最优断层倾角为58°、走向为265.5°、滑动角为50°,震中位置为73.60°W,18.43°N,最大滑动量为3.2m。最后,以反演的同震滑动模型来正演,获取震源区三个方向的位移分量且投影到卫星视线向(Line Of Sight,LOS),获取研究区域雷达视线向的形变场,发现海地同震形变以抬升为主,最大的抬升量为64cm,是主震和余震共同作用的结果。

     

    Abstract: Objectives: For investigating the crustal deformation and its focal mechanism caused by the 2021 Haiti Mw7.2 earthquake, the coseismic deformation field of Haiti earthquake was obtained with D-InSAR technology according to the ascending and descending orbit data provided by Sentinel-1A satellite. Methods: Firstly, the observations are downsampled using uniform sampling methods. Then, fault parameters and optimal sliding distribution model are inversed using the Okada uniform elastic semi-infinite dislocation model. Finally, the displacements in three directions are calculated by the linear inversion data according to the forward model. The displacements in East, North, and Up directions are projected to the LOS of the satellite, thereby acquiring the deformation field of the radar LOS in the experiment area. Results: Results show that this earthquake is a thrust and left-lateral strike-slip event. The optimal fault dip angle is determined 58°. The strike is 265.5°. The slip angle is 50°. The epicenter location is 73.60°W, 18.43°N. The maximum sliding amount is 3.2m. Conclusions: The deformation of the earthquake is mainly uplift, and its value is 64cm, which is the result of the combined action of the main shock and aftershocks.

     

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