FY‑3D卫星姿轨误差标校及对定位影响研究

Analysis of FY‑3D Satellite Attitude and Orbit Accuracy and Its Influence on Geolocation

    摘要
  • 摘要: 卫星轨道及姿态误差是影响图像地理定位精度的关键因素,以风云三号D星（Fengyun-3D,FY‑3D）中分辨率光谱成像仪（medium resolution spectral imager,MERSI）为例分析了轨道及姿态实测数据,分析结果表明,FY‑3D轨道及姿态均存在多种因素导致的误差,为确定该误差来源,利用卫星搭载的全球卫星导航系统掩星探测仪高精度星历对星上姿态数据全链条计算进行分析,确定姿态误差来源于星上算法存在误差,提出订正优化方案并分析其可行性,进而利用订正后的姿态及轨道数据进行图像地理定位。实测结果表明,MERSI的1 km图像地理定位精度在沿轨和跨轨方向均提升了约20%,达到亚像元级,分析结果表明,通过标校姿轨误差以提高定位精度的方法行之有效。

     

    Abstract:
    Objectives Satellite orbit and attitude errors are the key factors that affect the accuracy of image geolocation. The Fengyun-3D (FY‑3D) satellite medium resolution spectral imager (MERSI) is used as an example to analyze the measured data of orbit and attitude.
    Methods In order to determine the source of the error, the calculation of the entire chain of on-board data is analyzed by using high-precision ephemeris of satellite-borne global navigation satellite system occultation sounder (GNOS), and it is determined that the attitude error comes from the error in the on-board algorithm. A revised and optimized scheme is proposed and the feasibility is analyzed. Then, the corrected attitude and orbit data are used for image geolocation and actual measurement data analysis.
    Results It shows that the geolocation accuracy of MERSI's 1 ‍km image has increased by about 20% in both the along-track and cross-track directions, reach‍ing the sub-pixel level.
    Conclusions The analysis show that it is effective to improve the accuracy of image geolocation by calibrating the error of attitude and orbit.

     

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