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摘要: 膨胀土高填方区域形变及其边坡稳定性是膨胀土灾害相关研究中的关键问题，针对安康机场填筑程度高、膨胀土分布范围大等特点导致的潜在地面形变问题，采用基于高程改正的时序合成孔径雷达干涉测量(interferometric synthetic aperture radar, InSAR)技术获取安康机场运营前期地表形变。安康机场飞行区、航站区以及膨胀土边坡稳定影响区3类典型区域形变时序结果表明，安康机场基本稳定，累积形变量较小，区域最大形变量为-21.7 mm，机场内部最大形变量为-15.9 mm，其形变量在民用机场岩土工程设计规范标准要求范围之内。进一步结合区域降水与填方层深数据分析发现，现存微小地表形变及其特殊规律为膨胀土填方区工后沉降与膨胀土胀缩性形变的联合作用所致。Abstract:Objectives The deformation of the high filling area of expansive soil and it's slope stability are key issues in the research related to expansive soil disasters. Ankang Airport's large-scale high-filling project on the expansive soil caused a threat to the stable operation of the airport.Methods Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) technique based on elevation correction is used to obtain the surface deformation during the early operation of Ankang Airport. Firstly, we use small baseline subset InSAR (SBAS-InSAR) technology to correct the errors of digital elevation model (DEM) and obtain the time-series of the airport deformation.Secondly, we use persistent scatterer InSAR (PS-InSAR)technology to verify the accuracy of SBAS-InSAR results.Finally, we analyze the deformation trends of the flight area and the area affected by the stability of the expansive soil slope separately.Results The time-series results of the three types of typical regional deformations in Ankang Airport flight area, terminal area and expansive soil slope stability influence area show that Ankang Airport is basically stable, with a small cumulative deformation. The maximum regional deformation is -21.7 mm, and the maximum internal deformation of the airport is -15.9 mm, its deformation is within the requirements of civil airport geotechnical engineering design standards.Conclusions Combined with the analysis of regional precipitation and fill depth data, the existing small surface deformation and its special laws are caused by the combined effect of the post-construction settlement of the expansive soil fill area and the expansion and contraction deformation of the expansive soil.
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Keywords:
- Ankang airport /
- expansive soil /
- time-series InSAR /
- stability monitoring
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致谢: 本文Sentinel-1雷达影像数据由欧洲空间局提供，SRTM DEM地形数据由美国航空航天局提供，安康机场相关资料由陕西佳维空间地理信息科技有限公司提供，实测降雨数据由中国气象局、中国气象数据网提供，在此表示感谢。
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图 6 膨胀土边坡区特征点位时序形变图
Figure 6. Time-Series Deformation of Point Position in Terminal Area
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图 7 跑道及航站区点位时序形变图
Figure 7. Deformation Diagrams of Point Position of Runway and Terminal Area
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图 8 累计形变与填方体厚度关系
Figure 8. Relationship Between Cumulative Deformation and Filling Thickness
表 1 方差分析表
Table 1 Variance Analysis
统计项 P1点 P2点 离差平方和 自由度 均方离差 F值 离差平方和 自由度 均方离差 F值 组间 12.644 1 12.644 0.68 7.314 1 7.314 0.2 组内 596.589 32 1 159.334 32 36.229 
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