Objectives  The gravity variation caused by hydrometeorological factors is an important factor affecting the interpretation of seismic gravity variation results. However, quantitative analysis of gravity field changes caused by hydrometeorological factors is rarely carried out.

  Methods  This paper takes the north‍ern Xinjiang, China as the research area and uses the global hydrological model data of global land data assimilation system (GLDAS) and an atmospheric model to calculate the gravity influence of hydrometeorological factors on the research area from January 2016 to December 2017.

  Results  The results show that the annual change of terrestrial water influence is 1.3 μGal, and the difference in spatial distribution of terrestrial water influence between two adjacent periods is lower than 1 μGal. The annual change of atmospheric influ‍ence is as high as 8 μGal, and the difference in spatial distribution of atmospheric influence between two adjacent periods is up to 6 μGal.

  Conclusions  The gravity variations before and after deducting hydrometeorological factors were compared using the mobile gravity measurement data of three periods, i.e., April 2016, August 2016 and June 2017. The comparison results show that in the processing of mobile gravity data in the northern Xinjiang, the large-scale hydrological factor can be ignored and the meteorological factor should be taken into account. Meanwhile, for a better analysis of the mobile gravity variation, soil moisture and atmospheric pressure near the measuring point should be observed during the mobile gravity measurement.