Abstract: Firstly, this paper discusses the overall strategy of surveying and mapping science and technology transformation and upgrading under the current situation of informatization and globalization in economic and social development; meanwhile, focuses on the analysis of the national needs and necessity of surveying and mapping science and technology transformation and upgrading in this context. The strategic status and connotation of transformation and upgrading are clarified, and the transformation and upgrading of science and technology innovation system are studied. Secondly, the application and service of surveying and mapping science and technology in social development and national security after transformation and upgrading are discussed. Finally, this paper proposes and constructs the construction system of the discipline of transformation and upgrading, the mode of talent cultivation and the platform of research, and puts forward the key development directions, trends and strategies. In summary, this paper can provide reference for the comprehensive transformation and upgrading of surveying and mapping science and technology.