尼泊尔Mw 7.8地震前后西藏西南部地区GPS时序特征演变分析

Evolution of GPS Position Time Series Characteristics in Southwestern Tibet Pre- and Post- Nepal Mw 7.8 Earthquake

  • 摘要: 为了探索尼泊尔地震前后中国西藏西南部地区全球定位系统(Global Positioning System,GPS)时序特性的变化,选取位于西藏西南部7个GPS站2013—2018年的坐标时间序列进行分析。区域GPS网的共模误差利用主成分分析法(principal component analysis,PCA)进行提取。在垂直分量上,PCA第一主成分的贡献率由震前的48.87%上升到64.39%,共模误差的振幅也有一定的增大。噪声分析以白噪声与幂率噪声为主,采用极大似然估计法(maximum likelihood estimation,MLE)进行噪声量级的估计。尼泊尔地震之后,XZAR站、XZZB站和XZZF站出现了量级较大的随机游走噪声,与此同时,大部分站白噪声+闪烁噪声+随机游走噪声模型中白噪声量级减小,闪烁噪声+随机游走噪声的量级增大。GPS坐标时序3个分量的谱指数估值的均值也由—0.98、—1.07、—0.98变为—1.27、—1.15、—1.03。噪声分析表明,震后GPS坐标时序中白噪声成分减弱、幂率噪声占据了更加主导的地位。部分GPS站的水平速度场则出现向南偏移的现象,突出表现在离震中较近的3个站(XZAR站、XZZB站和XZZF站),且运动速率也有相应的降低。对于周期项振幅,仅LHAZ站略有减小外,其余6个GPS站均有不同程度的增大。以上结果表明,尼泊尔地震改变了西藏西南部GPS站的时序特征与运动特性,进而可能改变了青藏高原西南缘原有的地壳运动状态。

     

    Abstract: Aiming to explore the evolution of Global Positioning System(GPS) station's movement characteristics after the Nepal earthquake in southwestern Tibet, the daily position time series of 7 GPS stations located in southwestern Tibet spanning from 2013 to 2018 are used. The common-mode error (CME) of the regional GPS network is extracted using principal component analysis (PCA). The contribution rate of the first principal component (PC1) in the up component rises from 48.87% to 64.39%, and the amplitude of the up component of CME is enlarged after the earthquake. Maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) is used to analyze the impact of seismic event on the noise characteristics of GPS position time series. We mainly pay attention on white noise (WN) and power-law noise in the noise analysis. After the earthquake, random walk noise (RWN) with relatively large amplitude appears at XZAR, XZZB and XZZF stations. For the WN+FN (flicker noise)+RWN noise model, the white noise amplitude of most GPS position time series is decreased, while the amplitude of flicker noise plus random walk noise is increased. The average spectral index of GPS position time series in the north, east, and up component varies from -0.98, -1.07 and -0.98 to -1.27, -1.15 and -1.03, indicating that the percentage of white noise in the GPS time series is decreased, and the power-law noise dominate the total noise. The velocity field of some GPS stations in the horizontal component appears to shift southward, especially at XZAR, XZZB and XZZF, and the movement rate also is decreased accordingly. In terms of annual and semi-annual cycles, the amplitudes of seasonal signals 6 GPS stations is enlarged with different amplitudes, while only the station LHAZ is slightly decreased. The above results imply that the Nepal earthquake may has changed the movement characteristics of most GPS stations in southwestern Tibet, and then suggest that the earthquake affect the original crustal movement over the southwestern margin of the Tibetan Plateau.

     

/

返回文章
返回