水星探测器精密定轨软件研制及应用

Development of Mercury Precise Orbit Determination Software and Application

  • 摘要: 考虑到中国有望开展自主水星探测任务,研制了国内首套具有自主知识产权的水星探测器精密定轨及动力学参数解算软件系统MERGREAS(Mercury Gravity Recovery and Analysis Software/System)。从星历预报、仿真观测量、精密定轨等3个方面与GEODYN-Ⅱ软件进行详细的对比分析,两者一天内的探测器星历预报位置差异在10-7~10-8 m的量级,速度差异在10-9~10-12 m/s的量级;仿真双程测距差异接近10-4 m的量级,双程测速差异为4×10-6 m/s左右;仿真定轨差异则为X方向0.2 m,Y方向0.7 m,Z方向0.5 m,表明MERGREAS各项精度与GEODYN-Ⅱ基本达到一致。模拟同波束数据进行水星探测器和着陆器定位解算,轨道器位置误差为1 m左右,着陆器位置误差为0.88 m;考虑水星重力场和自转模型误差的影响之后,解算的轨道器位置误差为13.6 m,着陆器位置误差为250.3 m。该软件可以为中国未来水星探测任务中的轨道跟踪数据处理提供参考,具有一定的应用价值。

     

    Abstract: We have developed the first Mercury precise orbit determination and geoscience parameters solution software system with independent intellectual property rights, MERGREAS, considering the great prospect of its future missions in China. The software simulates forecasting ephemeris, observations, and precise orbit determination (POD), and then results are compared with GEODYN-Ⅱ. The difference magnitude of the forecasting ephemeris is at 10-7-10-8 m in a day, and the speed deviation is at the magnitude of 10-9-10-12 m/s; besides, two-way range difference is 10-4 m and two-way range-rate difference is 4×10-6 m/s. In POD, the X direction error is 0.2 m, Y direction 0.7 m, Z direction 0.5 m, therefore, the simulation results show that the software precision of POD can reach the level of GEODYN-Ⅱ for MESSENGER. Meanwhile, we analyze the Mercury lander with simulation of same-beam very long base line interferometry(VLBI), with position error of 1 m for orbiter and 0.88 m for lander. With the errors combination from Mercury gravity models and Mercury rotation models taken into account, the position error is 13.6 m for orbiter and 250.3 m for lander. This software can provide reference for the Mercury tracking task in future. These research results have certain application value to China future Mercury exploration missions.

     

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