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摘要: 叶片光谱是估算植被生化参数的重要依据。然而，遥感影像获取的光谱为像元及冠层光谱，因此，在进行植被生化参数的遥感定量估算时，需将冠层光谱转化到叶片尺度。根据几何光学模型原理，推导出植被冠层光谱和叶片光谱的尺度转换函数，将冠层光谱转换到叶片尺度。首先，采用叶片光谱模拟模型PROSPECT模拟出叶片水平的光谱；其次，在几何光学模型4-scale模型中，通过改变叶片光谱和叶面积指数（leaf area index，LAI），模拟出不同叶片特征下的冠层光谱。最后，通过LAI建立两个查找表，一个是传感器观测到树冠光照面和背景光照面概率的查找表，另一个是多次散射因子M的查找表，从而实现冠层光谱和叶片光谱的转化。结果表明，利用4-scale模型能实现冠层光谱与叶片光谱的尺度转换，此方法有很好的适用性。
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关键词:
- 高光谱遥感 /
- PROSPECT模型 /
- 4-scale模型 /
- 叶面积指数LAI
Abstract: Leaf spectrum is very important to estimate vegetation biochemical parameters. However, the spectrum obtained from remote sensing is pixel and canopy spectrum, therefore, it is necessary to transform the spectrum from canopy level to leaf level when estimating leaf biochemical parameters by remote sensing data. The scaling conversion function during downscales from pixel spectra, canopy spectra to leaf spectra was derived according to principles of geometrical optics model in this paper. First, PROSPECT model was used to simulate leaf spectra. Then, with the other parameters unchanged, the canopy spectra was simulated under different leaf area index(LAI) and leaf spectra by 4-scale model, and the relationship between leaf reflectance and sunlit canopy reflectance was found. Finally, two lookuping tables were established based on LAI to achieve transformation from canopy spectra to leaf spectra. One is used to describe the relations between the probability of observed sunlit canopy and observed illuminating background. The other is for scattering factor calculation. The result indicates that leaf spectra can be well converted from canopy spectra using 4-scale model. The proposed method is very effective and useful.-
Keywords:
- hyperspectral remote sensing /
- PROSPECT model /
- 4-scale model /
- leaf area index(LAI)
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图 1 研究区域HSI数据标准假彩色影像图
Figure 1. Standard False Color Image of HSI Data in the Study Area
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图 3 PROSPECT模型输入参数敏感性分析
Figure 3. The Sensitivity Analysis of Input Parameters in the PROSPECT Model
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图 4 670 nm树冠光照面光谱RT和叶片光谱RL的关系
Figure 4. Relationship Between Reflectance of the Sunlit Tree Crown RT and the Leaf RL at 670 nm
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图 5 670 nm处多次散射因子M与LAI的相关关系
Figure 5. Relationship Between Multiple Scattering Factor M and LAI at 670 nm
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图 6 670 nm处其他影响因素b与LAI的相关关系
Figure 6. Relationship Between LAI and the Other Factor b at 670 nm
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图 10 670 nm处叶片光谱的实测值与估计值的比较
Figure 10. Comparison Between Measured and Estimated Values of the Leaf Reflectivity at 670 nm
表 1 4-scale模型输入参数
Table 1 Input Parameters of the 4-scale Model
模型输入参数 针叶 阔叶 样地范围/m2 10 000 10 000 树冠密度/个 1 100 1 100 树冠形状 圆锥与圆柱结合体 椭球体 树冠高度/m 5 7 树干高度/m 6 4 树冠半径/m 1 1.5 集聚指数 0.65 0.75 叶面积指数
0.5~10
(步长为0.1)0.5~10
(步长为0.1)太阳天顶角/(°) 40 40 观测天顶角/(°) 0 0 相对方位角/(°) 180 180 
下载: 导出CSV
表 2 PROSPECT模型输入参数的范围及步长
Table 2 Range and Step of Input Parameters in the PROSPECT Model
参数 范围 步长 结构参数 (1, 3) 0.2 叶绿素含量/mg·cm-2 (0, 100) 5 水含量/g·cm-2 0.025 — 干物质含量/g·cm-2 (0.002, 0.02) 0.002
下载: 导出CSV
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