Impact of Atmospheric Pressure Loading on Regional Crustal Deformation and Gravity Change
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摘要: 在高精度大地测量观测数据处理和相关地球物理解释中，大气负荷由于影响较大，需要考虑。利用全球大气模型和区域气象站气压数据，采用移去恢复方法和球谐分析方法，计算了三峡地区大气负荷对地壳形变和重力变化的影响。提供了一种利用局部气压数据改善该区域大气负荷影响变化计算效果的合理算法，提高局部气压数据和全球模型数据利用的合理性和准确性。研究发现，大气负荷对垂直形变的影响在空间分布上中长波占优，在三峡地区的年变化幅度大于20 mm，对地面重力变化影响的年变化幅度一般不超过10 μGal，对水平形变影响较小。Abstract: Atmospheric pressure loading needs to be considered due to the great impact on the proce-ssing of high precision geodetic observations data and related geophysical interpretation. In this study, we use the global atmospheric model and regional atmospheric pressure data on weather stations, and calculate the impact of atmospheric pressure loading on crustal deformation and gravity change in the Three Gorges region of China on the basis of the remove-restore method and spherical harmonic analysis method. The proposed method can effectively solve global-scale model data being applied to the region, to improve the utilization of local data and global pressure model. This study finds that the impact of atmospheric pressure loading on the vertical deformation in the spatial distribution is mainly on the long wave. The amplitude of annual variation is greater than 20 mm in the Three Gorges region. The magnitude of gravity change on the ground is generally not more than 10 μGal. However, the impact on the horizontal deformation is very little. The results of this study have important reference value for separating the atmospheric effects in the processing of GNSS data and gravity data, and for analyzing.
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图 2 大气负荷对垂直形变的影响
Figure 2. Vertical Deformation Caused by Atmospheric Pressure Loading
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图 3 大气负荷对水平形变的影响
Figure 3. Horizontal Deformation Caused by Atmospheric Pressure Loading
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图 4 CORS站处大气负荷对垂直形变的影响
Figure 4. Vertical Deformation Caused by Atmospheric Pressure Loading on CORS Sites
表 1 地壳及重力场形变的大气负荷影响统计
Table 1 Statistics of Crust Deformation and Gravity Field Change Caused by Atmospheric Pressure Loading
大地测量要素
非潮汐变化2011-01-2014-12 2015-01-2015-06
年变化
幅度最大 最小 均值 标准差 最大 最小 均值 标准差 垂直形变/mm 11.41 -5.98 2.59 4.37 9.55 -4.32 2.37 4.28 21.0 大地水准面/mm 4.52 -11.48 -2.81 4.45 2.40 -9.40 -1.86 3.71 18.3 地面重力/μGal 7.70 -3.56 2.14 2.95 6.66 -1.80 2.13 2.68 10.9 水平形变/mm 1.32 0.00 0.44 0.24 1.00 0.04 0.34 0.51 1.9 垂线偏差/ms 5.01 0.00 0.84 0.63 4.16 0.00 0.80 0.24 4.3 注：水平形变、垂线偏差只对其模进行统计。 
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