DEM Production for Larsemann Hills Combining Cryosat-2 and Ground-based Elevation Data
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摘要: 拉斯曼丘陵地区位于东南极伊丽莎白公主地，中国南极中山站位于拉斯曼丘陵的东部，是中国南极科学考察的重要地区。数字高程模型（DEM）是南极冰盖变化研究的基础，卫星测高数据是南极地区构建DEM的主要数据来源。CryoSat-2是新一代用于极地冰盖和海冰监测的测高卫星，联合2013年和2014年南极冬季的CryoSat-2测高数据以及中国、澳大利亚、印度三个国家现场测量的60余个地面高程数据，利用克里金插值方法建立了拉斯曼丘陵地区200 m分辨率的DEM（简称LA-DEM）。利用未参与插值的地面高程数据对新建立的LA-DEM进行了验证，并与Bamber 1km DEM、ICESat DEM、RAMPv2 DEM以及BEDMAP 2等四种国际上常用的南极DEM进行比较，结果表明LA-DEM的高程精度约为19.7 m，优于其他4种南极DEM。Abstract: Larsemann Hills, located on the Ingrid Christensen Coast of Princess Elizabeth Land in East Antarctica, is an ideal area for Antarctic ice sheet and oceanographic studies. Digital elevation models are of importance to many geoscientific and environmental studies in Antarctic and due to relatively poor coverage by ground based surveys, the main data source for developing Antarctic DEMs is satellite altimetry. The new operating satellite-borne altimeter for ice applications is the ESA satellite CryoSat-2, launched in April 2010. Based on CryoSat-2 data collected during austral winter of 2013 and 2014 and ground based elevation points from China, India, and Australia, a new 200 m DEM for the Larsemann Hills, termed LA-DEM, was derived by the Ordinary Kriging method. The accuracy of LA-DEM was assessed by residual elevation points. The results show that the accuracy of LA-DEM is about 19.7 m, andbetter than four commonly used Antarctic DEMs.
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Keywords:
- Antarctic /
- Larsemann Hills /
- digital elevation model /
- CryoSat-2 /
- GPS
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图 1 拉斯曼丘陵地区CryoSat-2卫星地面轨迹和高程点点位图，底图为Landsat-7影像
Figure 1. Coverages of CryoSat-2 Tracksand Elevation Points in the Larsemann Hills, The Map is Based on Landsat-7 images
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图 4 地面高程点与5种DEM高程差折线图
Figure 4. Line Chart of Elevation Differences Between Ground-based Points and the Five DEMs
表 1 中国、澳大利亚、印度3国地面高程数据统计
Table 1 Ground-based Elevation Points from China, Australia, and India
中国高程数据 澳大利亚高程数据 印度高程数据 经度/(°) 纬度/(°) 高程/m 经度/(°) 纬度/(°) 高程/m 经度/(°) 纬度/(°) 高程/m 76.005 -69.433 62 76.255 -69.343 10 76.241 -69.343 25 75.996 -69.435 101 76.303 -69.348 5 76.071 -69.404 5 76.096 -69.411 138 76.183 -69.349 5 76.337 -69.387 15 76.109 -69.408 134 76.350 -69.350 10 76.298 -69.380 100 76.370 -69.373 28 76.381 -69.391 80 76.318 -69.438 255 76.369 -69.372 42 76.318 -69.396 10 76.084 -69.477 105 76.378 -69.373 25 76.244 -69.396 5 76.498 -69.397 40 76.380 -69.389 80 76.002 -69.410 30 76.198 -69.406 30 76.373 -69.387 63 76.374 -69.413 110 76.138 -69.356 10 76.360 -69.396 95 76.363 -69.424 210 76.099 -69.415 85 76.364 -69.372 32 76.006 -69.431 5 76.186 -69.413 25 76.360 -69.371 40 76.132 -69.438 30 76.184 -69.401 25 76.373 -69.375 44 76.178 -69.463 190 76.171 -69.400 25 76.370 -69.376 68 76.243 -69.459 245 76.161 -69.401 25 76.137 -69.363 65 76.259 -69.425 125 76.190 -69.408 50 76.139 -69.367 74 75.943 -69.411 15 76.202 -69.407 50 76.416 -69.396 120 76.028 -69.438 45 76.190 -69.416 25 76.583 -69.347 74 76.022 -69.373 5 76.177 -69.410 25 76.586 -69.346 56 76.186 -69.381 30 76.177 -69.403 50 76.185 -69.411 118 76.226 -69.422 55 76.179 -69.405 50 76.188 -69.405 65 76.115 -69.383 35 76.396 -69.403 149 76.267 -69.396 40 76.393 -69.404 157 76.220 -69.393 20 76.113 -69.418 94 76.333 -69.353 55 76.207 -69.413 92 76.444 -69.416 110 76.077 -69.435 140 
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表 2 地面高程点与5种DEM高程差统计
Table 2 Statistics of the Comparison Between Ground-based Elevation Points and the Five DEMs
地面高程点 地面高程点与各DEM高程值差/m 经度/(°) 纬度/(°) 高程/m Bamber 1 km DEM ICESat DEM RAMPv2 DEM BEDMAP 2 LA-DEM 76.005 -69.431 5 -33.012 -92 -23 -24 -31.711 76.381 -69.391 80 -53.699 21 25 24 12.522 76.179 -69.405 50 -5.472 12 33 34 -1.254 76.186 -69.413 25 -45.432 25 -3 -3 -7.094 76.19 -69.408 50 -20.432 12 24 23 -0.291 76.202 -69.407 50 -30.879 -33 29 28 10.205 76.177 -69.41 25 -45.432 32 11 1 -21.477 76.364 -69.372 32 -100.492 -41 15 14 -4.761 76.369 -69.373 27 -105.013 -45 10 11 -8.925 76.370 -69.376 68 -64.580 -5 48 49 40.234 平均值/m -50.444 -11.400 14.300 15.764 -1.255 标准差/m 32.237 39.948 22.306 20.894 19.678
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