Impact of Sample Rate of GPS Satellite Clock and Observation Data on LEO GPS-Based Precise Orbit Determination
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摘要: 针对GPS卫星钟差及观测数据间隔对LEO卫星运动学和约化动力学定轨的影响问题进行了分析，并使用CODE（the Center for Orbit Determination in Europe）30 s、5 s间隔GPS卫星钟差分别进行了30 s和10 s间隔观测数据的LEO卫星定轨实验。结果表明，使用5 s间隔卫星钟差（10 s间隔观测数据）相比30 s间隔卫星钟差（30 s间隔观测数据）进行GRACE卫星精密定轨，约化动力学定轨精度提高了16%，运动学定轨精度提高了8.8%；使用30 s间隔卫星钟差和10 s间隔观测数据的定轨精度最低；对于30 s间隔观测数据，使用30 s或5 s间隔卫星钟差的定轨精度基本一致。Abstract: The influence of GPS precise clock and observation data sampling internal on LEO kinematic and reduced-dynamic precise orbit determination (POD) was analyzed. The several experiments of LEO POD were carried out respectively by using the 30 s or 5 s sampling interval GPS precise clock from CODE and the 30 s or 10 s GPS observation data. The results show that 5 s GPS clock and 10 s observation data comparing with 30 s clock and 30 s observation data, the accuracy of reduced-dynamic POD is improved by 16%, and the kinematic POD is 8.8%. The accuracy of LEO POD is the worst by using 10 s observation data and 30 s GPS clock. For 30 s observation data, the accuracy of LEO POD by using 30 s GPS clock is consistent with 5 s GPS clock products from CODE.
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图 1 G05和G24卫星30 s钟差内插到5 s残差
Figure 1. Error of G05 and G24 Clock Interpolation from 30 s to 5 s Clock Products
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图 2 2014年年积日305~334 d定轨结果与JPL参考轨道互差RMS
Figure 2. RMS of Residuals Between Precise Orbits and JPL Published Reference Orbits for DOY 305~334, 2014
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图 3 2014年年积日305~334的运动学与约化动力学定轨结果的互差RMS图
Figure 3. RMS of Residuals Between Kinematic Orbits and Reduced-Dynamic Orbits for DOY 305~334, 2014
表 1 GRACE约化动力学定轨观测模型和力学模型
Table 1 Reduced-Dynamic POD Observation and Force Model for GRACE
类别 详细描述 观测量 无电离层组合L3 GPS卫星高度截止角 5° GPS卫星轨道及钟差 CODE最终轨道及5 s采样间隔钟差产品 载波相位模糊度 作为未知参数估计 接收机钟差 历元待估参数 GPS卫星和接收机天线相位中心改正 考虑 地球重力场模型 EGM2008 120×120 N体摄动力 太阳、月球以及其他行星摄动(JPL DE450) 潮汐摄动 固体潮、极潮及海洋潮汐 太阳光压和大气阻力 通过经验加速度参数吸收 卫星轨道状态参数 6个初始轨道根数+ 3个常数经验加速度参数 经验加速度 每6 min估计一组 
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表 2 GRACE卫星精密定轨实验方案
Table 2 POD Experimental Program for GRACE
方案 GPS观测数据采样间隔/s GPS钟差采样间隔/s 1 10 5 2 10 30 3 30 5 4 30 30
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表 3 定轨结果与JPL参考轨道差值RMS的均值/m
Table 3 RMS Mean Between Precise Orbits and JPL Published Reference Orbits for DOY 305~334, 2014/m
轨道 方案1 方案2 方案3 方案4 运动学轨道 0.024 7 0.027 7 0.027 1 0.027 1 约化动力学轨道 0.035 0 0.035 5 0.041 8 0.041 8
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