Latitude Effect in Positioning Performance by Using BeiDou Regional Satellite Navigation System
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摘要: 与全球定位系统(global positioning system,GPS)不同,北斗区域卫星导航系统(BeiDou navigation satellite system,BDS)采用了5颗地球静止轨道卫星、5颗倾斜地球同步轨道卫星和4颗中圆轨道卫星的混合星座,星座分布不均匀。特殊星座决定了不同纬度地区用户的可见卫星数量和观测几何结构存在明显差异,用户的导航定位性能存在明显的纬度效应。分别从理论模型和实际观测两个方面对不同纬度地区用户的可见卫星数目、观测几何结构和导航定位性能进行较全面分析,使用了多家厂商的接收机,在不同纬度地区进行了GPS、BDS以及两系统融合定位试验。结果表明,BDS定位性能存在明显的纬度效应,即定位精度随纬度升高而降低;GPS导航定位性能没有明显的纬度效应;BDS/GPS数据融合可以减弱纬度效应,提高导航定位服务的精度和可靠性。Abstract: The Beidou Regional Satellite Navigation System (BDS) has an uneven distributed constellation, containing five satellites in geostationary earth orbit, five in inclined geosynchronous orbits and four in medium earth orbits. With this hybrid constellation, the quantity and the geometrical structure of observed BDS satellites are different at different latitudes. The latitude effect in BDS application performance of positioning and navigation; In this paper, theoretical models and actual observations are described to analyze the difference in quantity and geometrical structure of observed BDS satellites and the performance of positioning and navigation at different latitudes. An experiment was conducted at different latitudes with receivers from separate companies. The result shows the latitude effect and impact in BDS applications, which means BDS positioning accuracy decreases with increasedlatitude. In contrast, there is no obvious latitude effect in Global Positioning System (GPS) applications. The implementation of BDS/GPS data fusion weakens latitudinal impacts on the results and improves the accuracy and reliability of navigation and positioning services.
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Keywords:
- BDS /
- latitude effect /
- positioning performance /
- fusion positioning
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表 1 测站概况
Table 1 Conditions of Each Stations
测站地区 纬度/(°) 经度/(°) 高程/m 接收机型号 天气情况 托克托 40 111 1 020 M300C 晴天 宜昌 30 111 108 UR370 晴天 桂林 25 110 176 NetR9 小雨、中雨 三亚 18 109 16 NetR9 阵雨、大雨 表 2 可见星及PDOP值情况统计表
Table 2 Statistics of Numbers of Visible Satellites and PDOP Values
测站地区 平均可见星数 最大PDOP值 最小PDOP值 平均PDOP值 GPS 7 5.2 1.6 2.54 托克托 BDS 9 4.6 1.6 2.59 BDS+GPS 16 2.2 1.1 1.50 GPS 7 4.8 1.5 2.45 宜昌 BDS 9 3.6 1.7 2.49 BDS+GPS 17 2.0 1.1 1.51 GPS 7 5.1 1.5 2.45 桂林 BDS 10 3.6 1.7 2.31 BDS+GPS 17 2.1 1.1 1.50 GPS 7 4.9 1.4 2.48 三亚 BDS 10 3.5 1.6 2.20 BDS+GPS 17 2.0 1.0 1.48 表 3 BDS、BDS/GPS相对定位结果统计表/m
Table 3 Results of Relative Positioning by BDS and BDS/GPS /m
测站地区 空间直角坐标系下平均点位误差 大地坐标系下平均点位误差 X Y Z B L H BDS 托克托 0.016 0.022 0.012 0.010 0.009 0.042 宜昌 0.015 0.020 0.012 0.005 0.012 0.034 桂林 0.009 0.020 0.005 0.004 0.006 0.022 三亚 0.006 0.011 0.005 0.003 0.004 0.013 BDS/GPS 托克托 0.001 0.003 0.002 0.002 0.001 0.004 宜昌 0.009 0.003 0.001 0.001 0.010 0.002 桂林 0.004 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.003 0.003 三亚 0.005 0.007 0.004 0.001 0.003 0.009 -
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