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摘要: 首先以IGS（international GNSS service）的最终轨道产品为依据，具体介绍并验证了分析中心轨道综合的原理及方法。其次，针对产品一致性改正项，分析了其对综合轨道的影响，结果表明该项改正可以引起2 mm的轨道差异。最后针对试运行中的iGMAS轨道产品，通过对综合轨道质量稳定性和抗差性分析，进一步验证了本文给出的轨道综合方法适用于目前iGMAS分析中心多系统轨道。通过选定外部的参考产品，对iGMAS各个分析中心轨道产品及综合轨道的精度进行了初步分析。Abstract: Currently, analysis centers(ACs) of International GNSS continuous monitoring and assessment system (iGMAS) could provide precise GNSS orbit products. To improve the stability and reliability of orbit products for high-precision users, we usually combine the orbit products from ACs. In this paper, we present a robust least square method of combing satellite orbits from different solutions. We first verify this method by combining GPS and GLONASS final orbit products provided by IGS Analysis Centers. Results show that the RMS differences between our combined GPS orbits and those from IGS are about 4 mm, and the RMS differences between our combined GLONASS orbits and those from IGS are about 5 mm. As the orbits of different IGS ACs are calculated in different reference frames, we first transform the orbits of different IGS ACs to the reference frame of IGS combined solution independent exchange format (SINEX) solutions before orbit combination. Results show that this transformation can improve the quality of combined orbits up to 2 mm. We then apply this method to analyze and combine GNSS satellite orbit products provided by ten of iGMAS ACs. For most iGMAS ACs, results show that the precision of GPS final and rapid orbits are better than 2.5 cm, and the precision of GPS ultra-rapid orbits are better than 6 cm and 15 cm for observed part and predicted part, respectively. The precision of iGMAS combined final orbits are 2 cm, 2~3 cm and 6 cm for GPS, GLONASS and Galileo satellites, respectively. The precision of iGMAS combined final orbits are 1.5 m and 20 cm for IGSO and MEO/IGSO of BDS, respectively. The relatively lower precision for combined GEO orbits is due to the different satellite antenna phase center offset (PCO) models adopted by different iGMAS ACs.
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Keywords:
- GNSS orbit combination /
- iGMAS /
- BeiDou orbits /
- reference frame
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图 1 GPS周1 761-1 764综合轨道与IGS最终轨道比较的RMS均值
Figure 1. Averaged RMS Differences Between Combined Orbits and the IGS Fmal Orbits During GPS Weeks 1 761-1 764
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图 2 GPS周1 761-1 764 IGS GPS最终轨道和综合轨道的拟合精度
Figure 2. Precision of IGS GPS Final Orbits and Combined Orbits During GPS Week 1 761-1 764
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图 3 产品一致性改正对综合结果的影响
Figure 3. Impact of Consistency Correction on the Combined Final Satellite Orbits
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图 4 iGMAS分析中心轨道、综合轨道精度
Figure 4. Precision of iGMAS ACs Orbits and Combined Orbits with Respect to the IGS Final Orbits
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图 5 BDT 04480 G27卫星最终轨道三维互差图
Figure 5. The 3D Difference of Final Orbit of G27 in BDT 04480
表 1 北斗周第0448周iGMAS轨道产品与IGS轨道产品比较的平均RMS/cm
Table 1 Averaged RMS Between iGMAS Orbit Product and IGS Orbit Products in BDS Week 0448/cm
轨道类型 GPS GLONASS Galileo BDS-GEO BDS-MEO/IGSO 最终轨道 1.12 2.34 6.09 146.27 18.29 快速轨道 1.33 2.71 8.64 160.64 17.06 超快速轨道观测部分 1.75 3.43 10.73 145.71 17.73 超快速轨道预报部分 5.23 7.09 20.26 151.14 26.93 
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