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摘要: 基于2003～2012年的GRACE卫星重力资料，采用最小二乘拟合的方法，构建了时变重力场统一模型IGG-TVG2013。该模型以球谐系数的形式表达，在考虑趋势项和周期项等经验参数的基础上，还考虑了加速度项和潮汐模型误差、大地震等因素的影响。将IGG-TVG2013模型与GRACE资料进行了比较分析，在全球92%以上的区域二者符合精度优于±1 ugal；利用该模型外推预测了2013年1～6月的重力场变化，结果与GRACE实测数据符合较好。这表明IGG-TVG2013模型不但能较好地描述重力场的连续时空变化，而且具有一定的短期预测能力。Abstract: We established a large-scale time-variable unified gravity field model IGG-TVG2013 based on GRACE satellite data from 2003 to 2012 using the least square method. This model is composed of annual and semi-annual trends and periodic terms, usually of each spherical harmonic coefficient. Besides those empirical parameters, an acceleration term, tidal aliasing error, and large earthquakes are taken into account. Acceleration is a modification to linear trend to detect and express more details in signals. Tidal aliasing error is the residual error in a tide model that must be carefully removed from GRACE solutions; a co-seismic jump in the gravity field may disturb the secular trend. An evaluation of IGG-TVG2013 solutions and corresponding GRACE solutions shows that the RMSE value in 92% of global grids was less than one ugal. Extrapolation results for the first half of 2013 using the IGG-TVG2013 model shows this model has good potential in short-term forecasting. We concluded that the IGG-TVG2103 model can effectively describe the time-space variability of gravity field.
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致谢: 感谢CSR提供的GRACE RL-05 Level-2数据。
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图 1 GRACE检测出的2004年12月26日苏门答腊Mw 9.3地震的同震重力变化
Figure 1. Coseismic Gravity Changes of Sumatra Mw 9.3Earthquake on Dec 26th, 2004 Detected by GRACE
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图 3 TVG解和CSR解的RMSE分布及其直方图
Figure 3. RMSE of the IGG-TVG2013 Model and the CSR Solutions
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图 4 2013年1月、3月、6月的重力异常变化
Figure 4. Gravity Anomaly Variation in January, March, June of 2013
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图 5 根据IGG-TVG2013模型计算的重力异常各参数
Figure 5. Aliasing Signal of Gravity Anomaly from IGG-TVG2013 Model
表 1 全球重力异常变化的外推精度分析/ugal
Table 1 Analysis of Extrapolation Accuracy of Global Gravity Anomaly Changes /ugal
步长 时间 最小值 最大值 平均值 均方根 1 2013-01 -6.17 3.87 0.06 0.940 2 2013-02 -5.93 3.49 0.05 0.935 3 2013-03 -5.69 3.99 0.06 0.968 4 2013-04 -6.02 6.26 0.05 0.958 5 2013-05 -6.48 6.84 -0.02 0.966 6 2013-06 -5.91 4.63 -0.005 0.935 
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