Landscape Pattern Analysis for Mining Area Based on Optimal Grain Size
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摘要: 以徐州市贾汪矿区1983年、1993年、2003年和2013年4期Landsat影像为数据源,综合景观格局指数粒度效应和信息损失评价法,确定了贾汪矿区景观格局指数的最佳分析粒度为60 m。在该粒度下,基于景观水平和斑块水平对区域景观格局演化进行分析。结果表明,在景观水平上,2003年以前,区域景观格局在煤炭资源的开采、城市化等的驱动下,景观格局呈破碎化、异质化和连通性降低的趋势;2003年以后,由于矿区土地复垦项目的实施、城乡统筹发展和区域连片发展,使区域景观格局呈连续化、均衡化和连通性增大的趋势。在景观类型尺度上,耕地、建设用地和水域随时间的变化最为活跃,1983~2003年间,耕地、水域受煤炭资源开采等活动的影响,斑块趋于破碎化,连通性降低,而建设用地在城市化发展的驱动下,变得更为复杂;2003~2013年间,耕地、水域和建设用地呈现高连通性、斑块规则化的趋势。Abstract: The 60 m was determined as the optimal grain size for landscape pattern analysis with the methods of landscape index grain effect analysis and data loss assessment based on the Landsat images in 1983, 1993, 2003 and 2013 in Jiawang mining area. Landscape pattern change including patch level index and landscape level index was analyzed in this paper based on the optimal grain size. The results show that the regional landscape pattern including landscape level index showed the trends of gradual fragmentation, heterogeneity and connectivity downward driven by exploiting coal resources and urbanization before 2003, while the landscape pattern including landscape level index showed trends of continuous, equalization and connectivity index showed the trends of increase driven by the implementation of mine land reclamation projects, balancing urban and rural development as well as regional development since 2003. Farmland, construction land and water landscape patches changed actively with the time. The landscape pattern including patch level index showed trends of fragmentation, connectivity decreased driven by coal mining and other activities which changed more complex driven by urbanization during the period of 1983-2003.Construction land and water landscape patches showed the trends of high connectivity, patch regularization during the period of 2003-2013.
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Keywords:
- mining /
- landscape pattern change /
- optimal grain size
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图 2 不同粒度下各指标信息损失评价结果
Figure 2. Results of Data Loss Assessment with Different Grain Sizes
表 1 景观类型水平景观格局指数统计
Table 1 Statistics of Pattern Metrics in Class Scale
景观指标 年份 耕地 林地 水域 建成区 未利用地 斑块密度 1983 0.197 6 0.216 9 0.726 1 0.567 1 0.232 9 1993 0.218 9 0.213 9 0.554 2 0.751 8 0.144 6 2003 0.318 9 0.210 8 1.038 8 0.979 2 0.158 0 2013 0.315 1 0.213 6 0.692 8 0.989 6 0.053 2 最大斑块指数 1983 68.879 4 0.858 8 1.629 4 1.281 5 0.245 8 1993 74.487 1 0.881 9 1.439 4 1.622 6 0.177 2 2003 65.697 6 1.175 8 1.021 9 2.565 1 0.118 1 2013 67.747 2 1.158 4 1.357 8 4.192 9 0.450 7 相似邻接比例 1983 94.377 5 79.923 2 76.004 0 59.632 0 75.913 8 1993 94.321 3 83.005 2 66.709 4 79.111 9 70.858 2 2003 94.319 3 82.562 2 60.275 7 80.503 5 67.920 3 2013 94.309 1 87.351 0 68.450 6 83.872 5 62.575 3 周长面积分形维数 1983 1.397 7 1.373 2 1.325 9 1.592 4 1.356 6 1993 1.412 2 1.362 8 1.481 9 1.307 9 1.358 3 2003 1.434 6 1.339 7 1.495 2 1.313 0 1.388 8 2013 1.421 5 1.359 1 1.486 2 1.307 1 1.390 3 平均几何最邻近距离 1983 166.328 2 377.055 4 347.947 5 330.040 6 352.257 0 1993 163.928 6 370.344 0 281.822 6 334.387 0 403.412 5 2003 164.086 0 365.607 8 214.274 5 251.141 0 454.480 5 2013 170.658 9 389.720 4 240.717 9 250.006 0 474.190 6 分离度 1983 0.514 7 0.999 9 0.999 6 0.999 8 1.000 0 1993 0.535 0 0.999 8 0.999 7 0.999 7 0.999 9 2003 0.568 4 0.999 6 0.999 9 0.999 1 0.999 9 2013 0.541 3 0.999 0 0.999 8 0.997 7 0.999 9 
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