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摘要:
目的 空间信息的自然语言表达是一个横跨空间信息科学和语言学的交叉研究。以空间信息作为研究对象,立足语言学提供方法论,从语用、语义和句法三个独特视角剖析其结构特征,提出完整的自然语言表达模型。从语用视角,分析可视化地图表达和自然语言表达的不同语境特征及其互补性;从语义视角,分别分析并建立空间信息的空间、属性和空间关系等三大特征到自然语言中的方位词、词汇(名词或形容词)和短语的映射关系,之后归纳形成空间场景到句群的映射思路;从语法视角,分析并构建空间方位(位置、距离和方向)和拓扑关系的计算规则。
Abstract:Objective Representation of spatial information in natural language is a interdisciplinary research realminvolving spatial information science and linguistics.Based on a linguistic methodology,this paperconsiders spatial information to be a direct object,analyzes the structural characteristics of spatial in-formation with three unique perspectives,and puts forward a full representation model of spatial in-formation in natural language.From the perspective of pragmatics,differences in contextual and com-plementary features are dissected using visual map presentation and natural language expression forspatial information.From the perspective of semantics,mapping relationships are discussed and builtfrom spatial features to location words,from attribute characteristics to words(noun or adjective),from topologic features of spatial relationships to phrases.Mapping ideas are converted from spatialscenes into sentence groups.From the perspective of syntax,calculation rules are established for spa-tial orientation(location,distance and direction)and topological relations.
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