Influence of Ionosphere Delay on Single Frequency GPS Point and its Correction Method
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摘要: 电离层延迟是单频GPS地面沉降监测点的最主要误差源，如何削弱该误差的影响是提高单双频混合地面沉降监测系统精度的关键。采用中国广州南沙单双频混合GPS地面沉降监测网数据进行处理分析，结果表明，在低纬度地区即使基线较短，电离层延迟对单频GPS监测精度影响仍然较大，影响程度随基线长度增加而增大，而且在时间域上有明显的季节性变化规律：2、3月份与8、9月份电离层影响较为显著。利用双频点数据从观测值域对单频点电离层延迟误差进行改正，监测精度提高了57%，改善效果明显。Abstract: Ionosphere delay is the dominant error source of single frequency GPS ground deformation monitoring point coordinate precision, how to reduce the error source influence is the key point to enhance the precision of single and dual frequency mixed ground deformation monitoring system. Based on the data of Guangzhou Nansha single and dual frequency mixed GPS ground deformation monitoring network, analysis indicates that ionosphere delay influence is still large, even though the baseline length is short in low latitude region. The impact of ionosphere delay aggravates as baseline length increases, and the rule of seasonal change is quite obvious:significant in February, March, August and September. Dual frequency data is used to correct the ionosphere delay error in observation value domain, as a result, the precision is improved by 57%, indicating that the effect of observation domain correction is obvious.
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图 1 电离层延迟对GPS定位结果影响的示意图
Figure 1. Diagram of Ionosphere Delay's Influence on GPS Positioning Result
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图 2 南沙GPS地面沉降监测网区域概况图
Figure 2. Regional Overview Diagram of Nansha GPS Ground Deformation Monitoring Network
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图 3 南沙GPS地面沉降监测网点位分布图
Figure 3. Point Distribution Plot of Nansha GPS Ground Deformation Monitoring Network
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图 9 原始结果与观测值域改正结果对比
Figure 9. Comparison of Raw Results and Observation Domain Corrected Results
表 1 基线坐标分量标准差、解算不合格率统计信息
Table 1 Statistics of Each Baseline's Coordinate Component STD and Solving Reject Ratio
基线 E/mm N/mm H/mm 三维/mm 解算不合格率(%) L1 Lc L1 Lc L1 Lc L1 Lc L1 Lc 08-11(2.5 km) 2.1 1.2 6.1 2.9 4.8 2.9 8.0 4.3 0.5 0.0 08-03(4.4 km) 3.8 2.8 4.2 2.4 5.7 3.7 8.0 5.2 0.7 0.0 05-03(5.9 km) 4.2 2.2 5.9 2.1 8.3 5.1 11.8 5.9 13.3 0.0 05-10(6.8 km) 4.7 2.7 6.4 1.5 9.2 5.9 12.2 6.6 8.4 0.0 05-11(8.6 km) 5.3 1.5 4.2 2.5 9.7 6.1 11.8 6.7 14.1 0.0 05-08(9.7 km) 6.5 1.8 5.0 1.4 11.3 5.2 14.0 5.6 26.0 0.0 
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表 2 定位结果偏差的标准差统计
Table 2 STD Statistics of Positioning Result Bias Caused by Ionosphere
基线 E N H 三维 08-11(2.5 km) 2.2 mm 5.5 mm 4.9 mm 7.7 mm 08-03(4.4 km) 2.8 mm 3.9 mm 4.8 mm 6.8 mm 05-03(5.9 km) 4.1 mm 5.6 mm 6.1 mm 9.2 mm 05-10(6.8 km) 4.1 mm 6.0 mm 6.5 mm 9.7 mm 05-11(8.6 km) 5.0 mm 4.3 mm 6.8 mm 9.4 mm 05-08(9.7 km) 6.7 mm 5.1 mm 9.2 mm 12.4 mm 相关系数 0.96 0.01 0.91 0.85
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表 3 两种改正方案残差统计
Table 3 Statistics of Two Correction Scenarios Residual
残差 E/mm N/mm H/mm 三维/mm 改善比例(%) 单频未改正 5.2 3.9 8.4 10.6 观测值域改正 2.4 1.8 3.4 4.5 57
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