Abstract: The Qinling Mountains serve as a crucial natural geographical boundary between northern and southern China and a core national ecological security barrier. Co-shaped by topography, climate, and human activities, the eco-geological environment of the region exhibits distinct vertical zonation and tightly interconnected environmental elements. Here, the monitoring progress of six core eco-geological elements— soil, water environment, vegetation, biodiversity, meteorology, and human activities,is systematically reviewed. The current application of space-air-ground multi-source monitoring technologies is summarized, and major existing challenges are identified, including incomplete monitoring indicator systems, insufficient spatiotemporal continuity of data, and obstacles in cross-departmental data sharing and operational synergy. To address these challenges, leveraging the“Integrated Protection and Restoration Project of Mountains, Rivers, Forests, Farmlands, Lakes, Grasslands, and Deserts at the Northern Foot of the Qinling Mountains”,an intelligent eco-geological environmental monitoring system was constructed for the northern foot of the Qinling Mountains. Utilizing coordinated space-air-ground monitoring techniques, including spaceborne remote sensing, unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing, quadrat surveys, sample testing, and fixed-equipment monitoring,standardized monitoring across the six key elements was achieved. By integrating historical remote sensing imagery, field survey data, and real-time observation data from over 130 sets of online devices, a baseline census and dynamic observation database was established. Furthermore, an ecological smart big data management platform was developed, integrating data management, ecological evaluation, risk early warning, and cross-departmental collaborative decision-making. Based on this system, the spatiotemporal dynamics of eco-geological environmental quality at the northern foot of the Qinling Mountains were analyzed. The practical applicability of the monitoring system was validated through four representative cases: ecological restoration and disaster risk, water environment quality variations, biodiversity patterns, and protected area optimization. The results indicate that the overall ecological environment at the northern foot of the Qinling Mountains has continuously improved, yielding significant restoration efficacy. Multi-element combined monitoring effectively identifies potential risks, providing a scientific basis for zoned protection and precision restoration. The constructed monitoring system achieves seamless integration among data collection, fusion analysis, risk assessment, and management applications, serving as a practical reference for assessing ecological restoration effectiveness, optimizing protected areas, managing water environments, and preventing geological hazards across other regions of the Qinling Mountains.