Abstract: Remote sensing has evolved from traditional Earth observation to observation of both the Earth and people (society). Remote sensing and geographic information science, computational science, and social sciences are increasingly intersecting and merging, forming an innovative interdisciplinary field: Geo-computing for social remote sensing. First,we propose the concept and research framework of geo-computation for social remote sensing, and systematically elucidate the disciplinary branches of geo-computation for social remote sensing and their research progress, including remote sensing economics, remote sensing journalism, remote sensing and international relations analysis, battlefield environment remote sensing monitoring, remote sensing and health environment analysis, and so on. Second,theories and methods of geo-computation for social remote sensing are explored, including aerial perspective and spatial thinking, spatiotemporal intelligence, social sensing and social computation, geo-computation and geo-computation for social sciences, spatial data mining and nighttime light remote sensing, spatiotemporal big data and artificial intelligence, remote sensing large models and knowledge graphs, geospatial optimization, as well as software tools and platforms. Finally, the key issues and future development directions of geo-computation for social remote sensing are summarized and prospected.