张艺群, 孟小亮, 金适宽, 马盈盈, 龚威, 雷连发. 武汉地区大气特征的日变化及季节变化分析[J]. 武汉大学学报 ( 信息科学版), 2021, 46(4): 479-488. DOI: 10.13203/j.whugis20200439
引用本文: 张艺群, 孟小亮, 金适宽, 马盈盈, 龚威, 雷连发. 武汉地区大气特征的日变化及季节变化分析[J]. 武汉大学学报 ( 信息科学版), 2021, 46(4): 479-488. DOI: 10.13203/j.whugis20200439
ZHANG Yiqun, MENG Xiaoliang, JIN Shikuan, MA Yingying, GONG Wei, LEI Lianfa. Analysis of Diurnal and Seasonal Variations of Atmospheric Characteristics in Wuhan[J]. Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University, 2021, 46(4): 479-488. DOI: 10.13203/j.whugis20200439
Citation: ZHANG Yiqun, MENG Xiaoliang, JIN Shikuan, MA Yingying, GONG Wei, LEI Lianfa. Analysis of Diurnal and Seasonal Variations of Atmospheric Characteristics in Wuhan[J]. Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University, 2021, 46(4): 479-488. DOI: 10.13203/j.whugis20200439

武汉地区大气特征的日变化及季节变化分析

Analysis of Diurnal and Seasonal Variations of Atmospheric Characteristics in Wuhan

  • 摘要: 大气温度和湿度是描述大气动力和热力状态的重要参数。重点分析武汉地区由微波辐射计测量获得的温度和湿度廓线、大气边界层高度(atmospheric boundary layer height,ABLH)以及液态水路径(liquid water path,LWP)廓线的日变化及季节性变化。首先在有云和无云情况下,对RPG-HATPRO型微波辐射计和探空气球的探测结果进行比较。微波辐射计反演得到的温度、湿度在2 km以下相较于探空气球偏低,2 km以上则均表现为偏高;观测精度会因天气条件的不同而变化,使用微波辐射计产品时,应着重考虑云的影响。然后分析2011—2015年各气象要素的日变化和季节变化,实现武汉地区对流层大气的热力学表征。ABLH从上午8时开始增加,下午15时达到最高值,之后开始下降,在夜间整体保持稳定。LWP在夜间含量要高于白天,冬季高于夏季。结合高度信息,分析得出相对湿度(relative humidity,RH)在0~1 km随高度的增加而上升,随后下降。对武汉地区气象参数的日变化与季节性变化进行观测与分析,为气象探测、大气污染研究、空气质量监测、天气预报等提供了可靠信息。

     

    Abstract:
      Objectives  Atmospheric temperature and humidity are important parameters to describe the dynamic and thermal state of the atmosphere. We analyzed the diurnal and seasonal variations of temperature and humidity profiles, atmospheric boundary layer height (ABLH), and liquid water path (LWP) profiles measured by microwave radiometer in Wuhan.
      Methods  The detection results of radio sounding and RPG-HATPRO microwave radiometer were compared in the absence and presence of clouds. Then, the diurnal and seasonal variations of meteorological elements from 2011 to 2015 were analyzed to realize the thermodynamic characterization of the tropospheric atmosphere in Wuhan.
      Results  The temperature and humidity observation accuracy obtained by the microwave radiometer inversion would vary due to different weather conditions. When using products of microwave radiometer, the influence of cloud should be considered. ABLH began to increase in the morning, reached its highest value at 15:00, then decreased and remained stable throughout the night. The content of liquid water path is higher at night than that during the day, and higher in winter than in summer. Relative humidity (RH) rose with the increase of altitude at 0-1 km, and then decreased.
      Conclusions  The diurnal and seasonal variations of meteorological parameters in Wuhan are observed and analyzed, which provides reliable information for meteorological exploration, air pollution research, air quality monitoring, and weather forecast.

     

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