甄杰, 吴建新, 刘纪平, 徐胜华, 周振发, 辛海强. 一种单基站高精度室内应急定位方法[J]. 武汉大学学报 ( 信息科学版), 2020, 45(8): 1146-1154. DOI: 10.13203/j.whugis20200128
引用本文: 甄杰, 吴建新, 刘纪平, 徐胜华, 周振发, 辛海强. 一种单基站高精度室内应急定位方法[J]. 武汉大学学报 ( 信息科学版), 2020, 45(8): 1146-1154. DOI: 10.13203/j.whugis20200128
ZHEN Jie, WU Jianxin, LIU Jiping, XU Shenghua, ZHOU Zhenfa, XIN Haiqiang. A High Accuracy Positioning Method for Single Base Station in Indoor Emergency Environment[J]. Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University, 2020, 45(8): 1146-1154. DOI: 10.13203/j.whugis20200128
Citation: ZHEN Jie, WU Jianxin, LIU Jiping, XU Shenghua, ZHOU Zhenfa, XIN Haiqiang. A High Accuracy Positioning Method for Single Base Station in Indoor Emergency Environment[J]. Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University, 2020, 45(8): 1146-1154. DOI: 10.13203/j.whugis20200128

一种单基站高精度室内应急定位方法

A High Accuracy Positioning Method for Single Base Station in Indoor Emergency Environment

  • 摘要: 针对复杂室内环境下的高精度应急定位需求,提出了采用单通道开关切换轮采双极化天线阵,外加比对天线的双通道比相测角方法。该方法首先构建了双通道比对天线的回波信号模型,然后在此基础上给出了角度和极化解耦的超分辨估计算法,降低了目标角度估计的计算量。理论推导和测试结果都证明所提出的双通道方法可有效消除信源信号相位以及频率同步误差对轮采天线的相位影响,比单通道轮采方案具有更稳定的性能和更广的适用范围,并且该方法用单基站即可实现精确二维定位,更适用于应急定位的快速部署和低成本商业推广。

     

    Abstract:
      Objectives   In recent years, the demand of indoor and outdoor emergency location service is growing rapidly. Affected by indoor space environment, signal types, sensor performance and other factors, the existing positioning methods of single signal source, single sensor source, integrated navigation, fusion positioning are not perfect in accuracy, stability, reliability, rapidity and other aspects. The main objective of this study is to propose a high precision wireless location method for single base station in emergency positioning environment.
      Methods   A method of angle measurement with high precision was proposed to eliminate redundant phase caused by modulated signal and sequential sampling. Firstly, a circular antenna array was constructed which sampling received signal on one channel by switching the dual polarized antenna array element in turn, and on the second channel by comparison antenna. Then, the echo signal mathematical model of dual channel antenna was established. Finally, the super-resolution angle estimation algorithm of Capon spectral and polarization decoupling was given for multipath indoor environment. In order to reduce the computational complexity of four-dimensional search, the steering vector was rewritten by hardard product, and target angle estimation was obtained by solving the minimum eigenvalue to minimize the cost function.
      Results   From the comparison results of array phases between single channel and dual channel, it can be seen that the proposed two channel antenna has better phase stability. Experimental results on several fixed location points demonstrate that the root mean square(RMS) positioning error in X direction and Z direction is better than 0.5 m. Both static and dynamic tests show that the influence of source signal phase and frequency synchronization error to switch-antenna array can be effectively eliminated.
      Conclusions   The proposed method can achieve two-dimensional accurate localization with a single base station, which has wider application than the single channel switch-antenna array and is easy to rapid deployment in emergency positioning environment.

     

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