Abstract: Contourlet utilities Laplacian pyramid transform to obtain high band parts which contains much more information than that of the difference pyramid constructed from B-Spline pyramid and causes information losing easily.In this paper,B-Spline pyramidal direction filter banks is proposed.Firstly,it constructs the different pyramid from B-Spline pyramid,obtains a multiscale decomposition tree which is similar to Laplacian pyramid.Then,it combine the different pyramid and directional filter banks to get a novel multiscale and multidirectional decomposition called B-Spline pyramidal direction filter banks.Finally,it applies this novel algorithm to image fusion.Experiment shows that it has a better performance than the image fusion schemes based on contourlet transform.B-Spline pyramidal direction filter banks can also be applied in image coding and image denoising.