吴究. 遥感探测科技在土木工程上之应用[J]. 武汉大学学报 ( 信息科学版), 1988, 13(4): 112-121.
引用本文: 吴究. 遥感探测科技在土木工程上之应用[J]. 武汉大学学报 ( 信息科学版), 1988, 13(4): 112-121.
Wu Jiu. Application of Remote Sensing for Investigation in Civil Engineering[J]. Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University, 1988, 13(4): 112-121.
Citation: Wu Jiu. Application of Remote Sensing for Investigation in Civil Engineering[J]. Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University, 1988, 13(4): 112-121.

遥感探测科技在土木工程上之应用

Application of Remote Sensing for Investigation in Civil Engineering

  • 摘要: 在不与物空间之实体接触条件下,遥感探测能够侦测到该实物之几何形状和辐射特性。遥测科技主要的课题在辐射方面是数位影象处理,如影象增强和自动化影象相关等,在几何方面是综合定位,即按最小二乘平差法同时合并处理遥测影象中所有的未知参数,包括摄影瞬间之位置和姿态及三维数位(地面)模型中待定点之坐标。遥感资讯的处理已渐渐仰赖功能强之工作站。经介绍数位影象处理和遥测综合定位后,将遥测科技在土木工程上的可能应用分三节加以阐述,并列举文献例:(一)数位地面模型可应用在土木工程选线及土方计算;(二)近景目标物变形多用来推算地面物体之形状,精确度可达0.09‰(站到物之距离);(三)自然、人文环境监视是大区域环境保护工作的要项。为确如污染的属性,需要费时费力之地面真象调查。在下结论之前,亦申述遥测科技在解析力方面力图之改善和用资料库进行管理之必要性。

     

    Abstract: Remote sensing technique can be used to determine geometric forms and radiometric properties of terrestrial objects, without coming into physical contact with the objects. Two main topics are treated:(1)Digital image processing with radiometric data, as image enhancement and automated image correlation etc., (2)Combined point positioning in geometric aspect. By using least squares technique, all unknown parameters are adjusted simultaneously, they are positions and attitudes at exposure stations and 3-dimensional coordinates of points in a digital (terrain) model. Data processings are frequently done at workstations. After an introduction of digital image processing and combined positioning with remotely sensed data, applications of the remote sensing technique to the field of civil engineering are explained together with examples:(1) Digital terrain model can be used for routings and volume calculations of earth. (2)Deformation of close-range objects can be determined with precision having 0.00%0 of camera-to-object distance. (3)Environmental monitoring is vital for the measures that protect environments over a large area. Painstaking ground-truth is needed to find out true causes for polluted areas. Before conclusions are drawn,endeavors made at improving resolutions of remote sensing and the necessity of data management are addressed.

     

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